基于代谢组学探究非脂质代谢物在肥胖与糖尿病视网膜病变间的中介作用:孟德尔随机化研究
2025-08-03王爽吴树法令垚谭茜蔚曹汝岱曾慧婷孔丹莉丁元林于海兵






【关键词】糖尿病视网膜病变;肥胖症;代谢组学;非脂质代谢物;体质指数;腰臀比;孟德尔随机化分析 【中图分类号】R587.26【文献标识码】A DOI:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0641
【Abstract】Background Obesity can influence the occurrence and progression of diabetic retinopathy(DR)throughvarious pathways,howevertherearelimitedstudiesonthemediationofDRbyobesitythrough non-lipid metabolicpathways.ObjectiveToinvestigate the mediatingroleofnon-lipid metabolites in therelationshipbetweenobesityand DRretinopathy:aMendelianrandomizationstudy[J].ChineseGeneralPractice,2O25,28(21):2625-2634.∘ledcirc Editorial Offce of Chinese General Practice.This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license.MethodsIn August2023,weutilized genome-wideasociationstudy(GWAS)dataandconductedMendelianrandomization (MR)analysis to explore themediating roleofnon-lipid metabolites intheassociationbetweenobesityandDR.ResultsBMI (OR=1.78,P=5.3E-12)and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR)( OR =1.91,P=1.3E-1O)was associated with increased risk of DR,respectively.Lower levels of isoleucine( OR =0.62,P=0.039),pyruvate(OR=0.60,P=0.039),albumin(OR=0.65, (204 P =0.002),glycoprotein(OR=0.92, P =0.002),and decreased ratio of dienes to double bonds(OR=0.93, P =0.048) wasasociatedwith increasedriskofDR,respectivelyPositivecausalasociations wereobservedbetweenBMIandisoleucine (OR=1.21,P=1.0E-08),glycoprotein( OR =1.33, P =3.2E-14),pyruvate( OR =1.08, P =0.03),and negative causal associations with albumin(OR=0.93,P=0.04)andtheratioof dienestodoublebonds(OR=0.82,P=2.8E-05).Positive causal associationswere also found between WHR and isoleucine ( OR =1.34, P =3.4E-O8)and glycoprotein (OR=1.26, P =1.2E-04).Isoleucine( β=-0.16 , P =0.019),glycoprotein( β=-0.05 ,P=0.029),pyruvate( β=-0.07 , P=0.027),and the ratio of dienes to double bonds( β=0.02 ,P=O.O36)mediated the causal association between BMI and DR,while isoleucine ( β=-0.21 ,P=7.2E-O4)and glycoprotein( β=-0.03 ,P=0.031)mediated the causal association between WHR and DR.ConclusionObesity has a positive causal association with DR,with BMI'sassociation with DR mediated by isoleucine,glycoprotein,pyruvate,and the ratioof dienes to double bonds,and WHR'sassciation with DR mediated by isoleucine and glycoprotein.Non-lipid metabolic products playamediating rolebetweenobesity and DR.
【Key Words】Diabetic retinopathy;Obesity;Metabolomics;Non-lipid metabolites;Body massindex,Waist-tohipratio;Mendelianrandomizationanalysis
糖尿病视网膜病变(diabeticretinopathy,DR)是糖尿病常见并发症之一,也是导致全球范围内工作年龄段人群视力丧失的主要原因[1]。据统计,2020 年全球DR患者数量超过1亿,DR正在成为全球公共卫生问题;国际糖尿病地图研究预测,2045年我国糖尿病患者数量将达1.74亿[2]。以是否有从视网膜发出的异常新生血管为判断标准,DR主要分为增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变(proliferative diabetic retinopathy,PDR)和非增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变(nonproliferativediabeticretinopathy,NPDR)。
肥胖是一种常见的内分泌与代谢性疾病,与DR相关[3-4],并可通过多种途径影响DR的发生和发展,但目前研究多聚焦于肥胖通过脂质代谢途径介导而影响DR,关于肥胖通过非脂质代谢途径介导而影响DR的研究报道较少见。此外,现有观察性研究并不能建立时间关系和因果关联,且潜在混杂因素也可能导致研究结果产生偏倚[5],有必要进一步探讨肥胖与DR间是否存在因果关联,以及因果关联是否直接或间接通过非脂质代谢物介导。
孟德尔随机化(mendelianrandomization,MR)是一种遗传流行病学方法,其使用遗传变异估计暴露与结局间的因果关系,可用于估计直接效应、间接效应及中介比例[6]。与传统非工具变量中介分析方法不同,MR分析可以减少暴露因素、中介因素与结局之间的混杂及测量误差造成的偏倚[7]。本研究通过两样本MR分析探究肥胖对DR的影响,并通过两步孟德尔随机化(twostepMR,TSMR)分析探究非脂质代谢物在肥胖与DR间的中介作用,以期为进一步揭示DR的发病机制等提供参考。……
