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Ernest Hemingway’s Powerful Letter to F. Scott Fitzgerald欧内斯特·海明威致F. 斯科特·菲茨杰拉德的一封有力信件

2025-07-21欧内斯特·海明威/杨泳茵/译介

英语世界 2025年7期
关键词:杰拉尔墨菲菲茨杰拉德

【导读】本文选自《欧内斯特·海明威精选书信1917—1961》。在1934年出版新书《夜色温柔》(Tender is the Night)后,F. 斯科特·菲茨杰拉德向他的朋友欧内斯特·海明威征求其对这本书的真实看法,海明威给予了回应。在这封回信中,海明威表达了其对友谊的珍视,对菲茨杰拉德才华的认可,以及对他未来的期许。这封回信也再现了海明威对作家们颇具价值的写作建议,例如注重人物塑造的真实性,重视倾听与观察等等。这封信件不仅体现了海明威对菲茨杰拉德作品的深刻批评与建设性建议,还展现了他对文学创作原则的坚持、对个人生活的关切以及对友谊与未来的美好期待。这封信件不仅是两位文学巨匠之间友谊的见证,也是文学创作理论与实践相结合的宝贵财富。

Key West

基韦斯特

28 May 1934

1934年5月28日

Dear Scott:

亲爱的斯科特:

I liked it and I didn’t like it. It started off with that marvelous description of Sara and Gerald1 (goddamn it Dos2 took it with him so I can’t refer to it. So if I make any mistakes—). Then you started fooling with them, making them come from things they didn’t come from, changing them into other people and you can’t do that, Scott. If you take real people and write about them you cannot give them other parents than they have (they are made by their parents and what happens to them) you cannot make them do anything they would not do. You can take you or me or Zelda3 or Pauline4 or Hadley5 or Sara or Gerald but you have to keep them the same and you can only make them do what they would do. You can’t make one be another. Invention is the finest thing but you cannot invent anything that would not actually happen.

这本小说让我又爱又恨。你在开头对萨拉和杰拉尔德的描写真是精彩绝伦(该死的,多斯把书拿走了,让我无法查阅。所以要是我哪里搞错了——)。然后你就开始戏弄他们了,乱改他们的出身,将他们写成其他人,这可不行啊,斯科特。如果你以真实人物为原型进行创作,你就不能为他们设定不同于现实的父母(人物可是由他们的父母及自身经历塑造的),也不能编排他们做出他们根本不会做的事。你可以以你、我、泽尔达、保利娜、哈德利、萨拉或杰拉尔德为原型,但必须保持人物的本色,只能让他们做符合他们性格的事。你不能将一个人写成另一个人。创作是极好的,但你不能创作出完全脱离实际的东西。……

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