Wang Bo，Li Xianyi，Mi Kaifu，et al.Key technologies for inteligent operationand maintenanceof deepdrilling top drive powered by digital twin[J]. China Petroleum Machinery，2025，53（6）：1-11，21.

Key Technologies for Intelligent Operation and Maintenance of DeepDrilling Top Drive Powered by Digital Twin

Wang Bo1，2.3Li Xianyi1，2.3Mi Kaifu2.3Liu Zeng1，2.3Tan Shuai2，3LiXiang1，3Zhang Hang1，3 （1.ColegeofMechanicalandrasportionEngineering，ChinaUniersityofPetrole（Beiing）；.BejingPetroleMciny Co.，Ld.；3.Mechanical IndustryEngineeringResearch CenterforDepResources Drilingand Producing Power Equipmentamp;Control Technology）

Abstract： To meet the key requirements of development of oil and gas resources in10 OoO m deep formation and intelligent operationand maintenance（Oamp;M）of top drive in deep driling，the key issues related to the prognostics and health management （PHM）of top drive were summarized，and a digital twin PHM Oamp;M framework for top drive in deep driling was proposed.The Oamp; M framework mainly includes physical space of top drive，inteligent scene perception module，multi-level and multi-domain DT model，as wellas risk assessment and predictive maintenance methods for model and data fusion.TheOamp; M framework can simulate the working status of the top drive gearbox，display gear speed，lubricating oil temperature，bear vibration and impact，simulate the working status of the back-up tong and its hydraulic control system，display internal holding force，moment and pipeline pressure，simulate the working status of the link tilting systemand its hydraulic system，anddisplaythe inclination angleof the link，etc.TheOamp; M framework has good industrial applicabilityand universality of top drive，and can fully utilize the supporting system of thecurrent top drive for expansion，adapting to the key operation and maintenance needs in the top drive driling process.The research results provide conceptual guidance and technical reference for the practical application deployment of digital twin system of top drive.

Keywords：deep driling top drive；digital twin；PHM；major energy equipment；intelligent operation anc maintenance;riskassessment

0 引言

石油天然气资源在我国能源体系结构中占据着关键的战略地位，在未来很长一段时间内，油气仍是国家能源消费的主体[1-2]。同时，巨量的石油天然气需求对于油气资源的勘探开发提出了更高要求，我国 39% 的剩余石油与 57% 的剩余天然气分布在 6000～9000m 的深地层与超深地层中，加快抢占深地钻井装备技术高地并实现技术领先，是决定未来全球油气领域格局和国家能源领域地位的重大决策[3-5]。随着物联网、大数据、人工智能等新一代信息技术的发展，油气装备制造与运维迎来了新的发展契机。“中国制造2025”、德国“工业4.0”、美国“工业互联网”等多个大国战略均强调将新一代信息技术运用于装备制造与运维领域[6-8]。把握住“第四次工业革命”重要机遇，提升油气领域关键装备数智化水平，是保证我国能源行业行稳致远的关键方向。

“十三五”期间，我国油气行业着力突破了深井超深井领域的装备研发，助推深地油气开发迈上了 9 000m 新台阶，目前已正式突破万米难关[9-10]。作为油气钻机的核心，顶部驱动钻井装置（简称顶驱）集材料、机械、电气、液压和信息于一体，是实现深地油气资源勘探开发的重要保证[11]。与传统的转盘钻井相比，顶驱在钻井效率、安全性和稳定性等方面都有极大的优势，是钻井装备领域的重大技术变革。然而万米级钻井需穿越多层复杂地质结构，井斜、井漏和井塌等井下故障频发，井下温度和压力显著上升，信息不确定性大且传递困难[12-14]。……