摘要：为充分利用芫根资源，采用水提醇沉的方法提取芫根多糖，根据单因素试验和正交试验研究并优化芫根多糖提取工艺，并初步探究芫根多糖对急性缺氧小鼠血清中生化指标的影响。研究结果表明，芫根多糖的最佳提取工艺为料液比1∶20、提取温度100 ℃、提取时间4 h和提取次数4次。对于低压低氧环境中的小鼠，在给予芫根多糖干预后，小鼠血清中的氧化应激指标水平有所改善，表明芫根多糖具有一定的抗高原缺氧的作用。该研究结果将有助于深入研究芫根多糖的生物活性，为其在医学和保健食品工业等领域的应用提供科学支持。

关键词：高原缺氧；芫根多糖；抗氧化；生化指标

中图分类号：TS201.23

文献标志码：A

文章编号：1000-9973（2024）06-0195-05

Study on Extraction and Anti-Hypoxia Ability of Polysaccharides

from Brassica rapa L.

WANG Fu-qing

（National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Deep Processing of Special Agricultural

and Animal Husbandry Products in Tibet Plateau， Lhasa 850600， China）

Abstract： In order to make full use of Brassica rapa L. resources， polysaccharides are extracted from Brassica rapa L. by water extraction and alcohol precipitation method. The extraction process of polysaccharides from Brassica rapa L. is studied and optimized by single factor test and orthogonal test， and the effects of polysaccharides from Brassica rapa L. on biochemical indexes in the serum of mice with acute hypoxia are explored preliminarily. The results show that the optimal extraction process of polysaccharides from Brassica rapa L. is solid-liquid ratio of 1∶20， extraction temperature of 100 ℃， extraction time of 4 h and extraction times of 4.For mice in low-pressure and low-oxygen environment， the levels of oxidative stress indexes in the serum of mice are improved after the intervention of polysaccharides from Brassica rapa L.， which indicates that polysaccharides from Brassica rapa L. have certain anti-hypoxia effect at high altitude. The research results will be helpful to study the bioactivity of polysaccharides from Brassica rapa L. in depth， and provide scientific support for their application in the fields of medicine and health food industry.

Key words： high altitude hypoxia; polysaccharides from Brassica rapa L.; antioxidation; biochemical indexes

收稿日期：2024-01-26

作者简介：王福清（1963—），男，正高级工程师，硕士，研究方向：食品加工技术。

芫根（Brassica rapa L.），又称芜菁根、根头菜、圆根、灰萝卜等，是一种常见的蔬菜，属于十字花科芸苔亚科^[1]。目前芫根产地遍及我国青藏高原，被我国高原地区居民普遍种植，并用于缓解人和牲畜的高原反应^[1-4]。芫根根部肥大，外形类似萝卜，形状多为圆锥形或长圆柱形，表面光滑，颜色有红、白、紫等多种变异；含有多种矿物质，如钾、钙、磷、镁等，这些矿物质对于维持骨骼健康、神经传导、细胞代谢等具有重要作用^[4-6]。芫根含有丰富的维生素，尤其是维生素C，有助于机体免疫系统的正常运转、皮肤健康以及抗氧化作用等^[4]。此外，芫根还富含膳食纤维，有助于促进肠道蠕动，维护消化系统的健康，调节血糖水平和降低胆固醇^[4-5]。……