文|褚志华

学业测评试题除关注语言知识外，应更鲜活，更有创新，更有助于思维与能力的培养。试题命制应注重试题与育人价值的融合，落实好学科立德树人的根本任务。

一、情境立意，试题联系生活

课程改革强调课程从学生的学习兴趣、生活经验和认知水平出发，倡导体验、实践。因此，命制的试题要贴近学生生活，要创设情境，激发学生学习兴趣，要让学生感到不是在考试，而是在重温他们生活中感兴趣的事，解决生活中实际的问题，从而能达到真正掌握目标语言的目的。

【案例1】听录音，将下列图片标序号。（每小题2分，共10 分）

录音内容：This is a story about the cat and the mouse. The mouse is afraid of the cat. So the cat is sad. He wants to change. The cat is going to play the pipa for the mouse. The cat likes drawing cartoons for the mouse. The cat and the mouse are friends now, they often read stories together.

【命题策略】本题情境属于“人与社会”主题范畴中“社会服务与人际沟通”这一主题群，本题为看听技能题，本题选择学生熟悉的动画片《猫和老鼠》的故事为情境，考查学生读图并获取关键信息的能力，学生在测评中不是在做题而是在重温经典动画，用英语了解猫和老鼠新的故事，在真实的情境中感知分析语言，运用语言并做出正确的判断。学生学会梳理所发生的事件，并按照顺序进行排序，可有效提升学生的思维品质。

【案例2】听录音，完成练习。

Ⅰ.听录音，勾出你所听到的内容。（每空2 分，共10 分）

Ⅱ.再听两遍，在横线上填入所缺的单词。每空一词。（每空2 分，共10 分）

Chen Hong is___________.

Chen Hong plays with a___________.

Chen Hong can see a___________.

Chen Jie is Chen Hong’s___________.Chen Jie likes___________.

录音内容：Chen Hong has a PE class on the playground. It’s sunny in the morning. She plays with a ball. She is tall. She can see a bird in the tree. Chen Jie is Chen Hong’s sister. She has anart class in the art room. It’s rainy in the afternoon. Chen Jie likes horses. She is drawing a horse.

【命题策略】本题情境属于“人与自我”主题范畴中“生活与学习”这一主题群，涉及子主题“学校、课程、学校生活与个人感受”，新课标提倡注重学生的体验、感知和实践。因此，在试题命制时，我们选取贴近学生日常生活、家庭生活或学校生活有关的内容。运用模拟双胞胎学校生活的形式，加强语用功能。通过非连续性文本，根据图片信息与文本，在听看的过程中有目的地提取、梳理所需信息。

二、学科融合，试题共享知识

核心素养指导下的英语教学，需要多学科融合，资源共享。我们的学业测评应打破学科界限，实现资源整合，拓宽知识面。这样的命题会使各学科优势互补，互为借鉴，也使测评试题更有深度、更有品位。在学业测评中不仅为其他学科做好铺垫，也使英语知识得到升华。

【案例3】阅读短文，完成下列任务。

This is our school. It’s small but nice. It’s like a car. In the school，we have 8 classrooms, a beautiful music room, a clean art room, a teachers’office, a library, two small gardens, and a big playground. The music room and art room are on the first floor. The art room is next to the library.The library is under the classroom 6. My classroom is on the second floor. It’s next to the teachers’office. We read and write in our classroom. We love our school.

Task 1: 将下列地点的序号标到图片相应位置。（每空1 分，共5 分）

A.library B.my classroom C.playground

D.art room E.music room

Task 2：根据短文内容判断对错，与上面内容相符的打“√”，不相符的打“×”。（每小题1 分，共5 分）

（ ）1.Our school is small but nice.

（ ）2.The music room is clean.

（ ）3.The gardens are small.

（ ）4.My classroom is on the first floor.

（ ）5.We read and write in our classroom.

Task 3: How do you like this school? Do you like it?（根据实际情况回答问题）（每问1 分，共2 分）

Task 4：你能画出心仪的学校吗？请画出来与大家分享并标出学校的相应设施。（共3 分）

【命题策略】本题情境属于“人与自我”主题范畴中“生活与学习”这一主题群，涉及子主题“学校、课程、学校生活与个人感受”。在阅读学校图片和文本信息的过程中，学生对文本内容进行分析、归纳、判断。任务三为开放性试题，要求学生得体地表达自己的情感，实现对主题的深度认知。任务四通过画学校，开发学生的想象力和创新力，引导学生写出有关学校设施的单词，使学业测评不再是枯燥的文字，而是现实生活的灵活运用。通过画图与英语的有效结合，不仅巩固了学生的语言知识，而且增强了学生对美好事物的鉴赏能力。

【案例4】阅读短文，完成任务。

Long long ago, there was an old man. His name was Saiweng. One day, his horse came out and didn’t come back. His neighbours（邻居）were all worried. However, he said, “Losing a horse is a bad thing, but maybe it will become a good thing.”

Several months later, his horse came back with another fine horse. His neighbours felt happy, but he said, “Maybe it will become a bad thing.” His son rode the horse and hurt the leg. His wife（妻子）was sad. He didn’t feel bad.

During the war （战争），many young people joined the army（军队）and fought（战斗）. However,because of the broken leg, his son lived with his family safely.

It implies（说明）：Bad_luck_sometimes_turns_out to_be_good_luck,_and_good_luck_can_sometimes_be bad.

任务一：为短文选一个标题。（ ）（共1 分）

A.揠苗助长 B.塞翁失马 C.画蛇添足

任务二：将画线句子换一种英文表达。（共2 分）

任务三：我们的生活丰富多彩，你有类似的故事吗？请写下来与我们分享吧！（共7 分）

【命题策略】本题情境属于“人与自我”主题范畴中“做人与做事”这一主题群，涉及子主题“乐学善学，勤于反思，学会学习”。将英语与语文教学中的成语故事相结合，作为学生的拓展阅读材料，体现了用英语诠释中国传统故事。任务一考查梳理及归纳的能力。从英语语篇中归纳中心意思，并用精炼的汉语作总结，体现学科融合。任务二故事是六年级下册Unit 3的拓展。因此，语篇由课本引申，又回归课本，鼓励学生用课本中的已学语言“It was a bad day but also a good day.”或者“Bad luck often brings good luck.”作替换，体现语言的灵活运用。任务三考查学生的表达能力。在学生分析、赏析语篇后，重新建构自己的语言体系，提高写作能力。

三、时政结合，试题浸润情感

关注实时热点问题，引发学生对社会现象的关注。利用试题，弥补教材内容的滞后性，适应学生多元、独立、活跃的思维特征，家事、国事、天下事，事事关心，提高学生主人翁意识和家国情怀。

【案例5】听短文，完成下列任务。

Ⅰ.补全短文所缺单词，每空一词。（每空1 分，共5 分）

Fei Junlong, Deng Qingming and Zhang Lu______in Tianhe space station for 6 months. How about their weekend? Did they do anything like us?They were busy. They worked from Monday to Saturday. When they were in the space station, they did everything they could do. They jumped easily.They_______special food. They_____________of space. They______standing up. Sometimes they had “house-cleaning”. They could relax on Sunday.They could listen to music, sing, play toys, play ping-pong, run, do kung fu, plant vegetables... Their weekends were special. Their trip was so amazing.We shouldn’t forget it.

Ⅱ.根据短文内容，按先后顺序给下列图片标序号。（每空1 分，共5 分）

听力原文：Fei Junlong, Deng Qingming and Zhang Lu were in Tianhe space station for 6 months. How about their weekend? Did they do anything like us? They were busy. They worked from Monday to Saturday. When they were in the space station, they did everything they could do.They jumped easily. They ate special food. They took pictures of space. They slept standing up.Sometimes they had “house-cleaning”. They could relax on Sunday. They could listen to music, sing,play toys, play ping-pong, run, do kung fu, plant vegetables... Their weekends were special. Their trip was so amazing. We shouldn’t forget it.

【命题策略】本题情境属于“人与自然”主题范畴中“宇宙探索”这一主题群，涉及子主题“地球与宇宙探索”。本题旨在激发学生对太空生活的向往和对航天事业的热爱，同时致敬航天英雄，帮助学生变被动学习为主动探究世界。通过听，理解与感知语篇内容，获取主要信息，提高语言能力和思想认识。