胡仁传 周迎 董亦非 罗斌圣

摘要：生物多样性是人类赖以生存的物质基础，目前对生物多样性的保护主要通过建立自然保护区来进行。保护小区作为我国现有自然保护区体系的一个重要补充，是联通动植物破碎化的栖息地，维护生态系统完整性的重要手段。该文通过文献研究和实地调查等方式对以社区为主体的渠楠保护小区的组织架构、制度建设、日常工作以及初步成效等进行了系统的整理和分析。结果表明：（1）渠楠保護小区以“自建、自筹、自管、自受益”为指导思想进行建设，采取“平等议事、民主协商”为主的方式进行管理，得到了当地社区居民的认可和拥护，并得到了当地政府和外界的承认和支持。（2）保护小区的成立、建设和发展，不仅提高了社区居民的保护意识和周边动植物种群数量及多样性，还改善了渠楠社区的生活环境，丰富了社区居民的精神文化。该文还探讨了以社区为主体的保护小区建设中存在的隐患，提出了可行性建议，为我国生物多样性和传统文化的保护以及其他保护小区的发展提供了参考。

关键词： 生物多样性， 保护小区， 社区参与， 自然保护区， 渠楠

中图分类号：Q948    文献标识码：A    文章编号：1000-3142（2023）08-1428-09

A new attempt for biodiversity conservation in China： A community-based management model for Qu'nan mini reserve

HU Renchuan1， ZHOU Ying2， DONG Yifei3， LUO Binsheng4*

（ 1. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards， Guangxi Institute of Traditional Medicine & Pharmaceutical Sciences， Nanning 530022， China; 2. Forestry Bureau of Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture， Jishou 416000， Hunan， China; 3. Guangxi Biodiversity Research and Conservation Association， Nanning 530022， China; 4. Lushan Botanical Garden， Jiangxi Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences， Lushan 332900， Jiangxi， China ）

Abstract：Biodiversity is the material basis for human survival. At present， the conservation of biodiversity is mainly carried out through nature reserves. As an essential supplement to the existing nature reserve systems in China， the mini reserve is an essential means to connect fragmented habitats for animals and plants and maintain the integrity of ecosystems. This study systematically collates and analyzes the organizational structure， system construction， daily work， and preliminary results of the community-based Qunan mini reserve through a literature review and field investigations. The results are as follows： （1） The construction of the Qunan mini reserve is based on the mindset of “self-construction， self-financing， self-management， and self-benefit”. It is managed mainly by “equal discussion and democratic consultation” which has been recognized and supported by local community residents， the local government， and the outside world. （2） The establishment， construction， and development of the mini reserve have not only enhance the protection awareness of community residents and increase the number and diversity of surrounding animal and plant populations. It also improves the living environment of the Qunan community and enriches the spiritual culture of residents. In addition， this paper also discusses the hidden dangers in the construction of conservation communities. Some feasible suggestions are proposed to provide a reference for developing biodiversity and traditional culture conservation， and other mini reserves in China.

Key words： biodiversity， mini reserve， community participation， nature reserve， Qu'nan

生物多样性是人类赖以生存的物质基础（James et al.， 2001）。目前，自然保护区被认为是物种生境和多样性保护的基本策略之一（Geldmann et al.， 2013）。截至2017年底，中國已建立自然保护区2 750个，陆域面积约147万平方千米，占我国陆地面积的14.9%（吴静， 2017）。保护区的建立……