气相色谱法检测地表水中有机磷农药
2023-08-13成树森



【摘要】利用毛细管柱气相色谱法测定地表水中有机磷农药各指标的含量。该方法对样品进行固相萃取浓缩预处理,氢火焰离子化检测器检测。根据保留时间定性,标准曲线外标法定量。6种组分的质量浓度在0.1~1.0 mg/L范围内与色谱峰面积具有良好的线性关系,线性关系均大于0.995,其回收率在83%~115%,精密度在1.58%~5.08%。方法分析稳定、灵敏度高、準确度好、干扰小,适用于地表水有机磷农药指标的测定。
【关键词】有机磷;7890A;敌百虫;对硫磷;FPD
【DOI编码】10.3969/j.issn.1674-4977.2023.04.025
Gas Chromatography Method for Detecting Organophosphorus Pesticides in Surface Water
CHENG Shusen
(Shanxi Jincheng City Water Supply Co., Ltd., Jincheng 048000, China)
Abstract: The content of various indicators of organophosphorus pesticides in surface water is determined using capillary column gas chromatography. This method conducts solid-phase extraction concentration pretreatment on the sample, and hydrogen flame ionization detector detection. Qualitative analysis based on retention time and quantitative analysis using standard curve external standard method. The mass concentrations of the six components have a good linear relationship with the chromatographic peak area in the range of 0.1~ 1.0 mg/L, with linear relationships greater than 0.995. The recovery rates is between 83%~115%, and the precision is between 1.58%~ 5.08%. The method has stable analysis, high sensitivity, good accuracy, and minimal interference, and is suitable for the determination of organic phosphorus pesticide indicators in surface water.
Key words: organic phosphorus; 7890A; dipterex; parathion; FPD
有机磷农药是指含磷元素的有机化合物农药。我国生产的有机磷农药绝大多数为杀虫剂,主要用于防治植物病、虫、草害,常用的有对硫磷、内吸磷、马拉硫磷、乐果、敌百虫及敌敌畏等。有机磷农药对人体的危害以急性毒性为主,多发生于大剂量或反复接触之后,会出现一系列神经中毒症状,如出汗、震颤、精神错乱、语言失常,严重者会出现呼吸麻痹,甚至死亡[1]。有机磷农药指标在饮用水、地下水及水源水中一直是重要的监测对象。地表水是人类生活用水的重要来源,其有机磷农药的含量与人体健康息息相关,做好它的检测分析对于城市供水来说尤为重要。
GB 3838—2002《地表水环境质量标准》[2]规定了敌敌畏、乐果、甲基对硫磷、马拉硫磷、对硫磷、敌百虫的限值,分别为 0.05、0.08、0.002、0.05、0.003、0.05 mg/L。GB 3838—2002推荐的有机磷农药检测方法参照GB 13192—91《水质有机磷农药的测定气相色谱法》[3],使用的色谱柱是填充柱,其柱效差,分离效率远低于毛细管柱;在样品预处理中使用液液萃取,溶剂是三……
