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电热浴炉温度参数校准方法研究

2023-08-13王浩

品牌与标准化 2023年4期

【摘要】浴炉的种类很多,按熔体介质分为铅浴炉、盐浴炉、油浴炉;按加热方式分为内热式与外热式(又分电热及燃料加热);按结构分为插入式、埋入式等。电热浴炉被广泛应用于热处理行业中,但是对其还没有通用的测试法。本文研究了电热浴炉的校准方法,并对其炉温均匀度进行了不确定度分析。

【关键词】电热浴炉;炉温均匀度;炉温偏差

【DOI编码】10.3969/j.issn.1674-4977.2023.04.014

Research on the Calibration Method of Temperature Parameters for Electric Bath Furnaces

WANG Hao

(Liaoning Institute of Measurement, Shenyang 110004, China)

Abstract: There are many types of bath furnaces, which can be classified according to the melting medium into lead bath furnace, salt bath furnace, and oil bath furnace. They can also be classified according to the heating method into internal heating and external heating(further divided into electric heating and fuel heating). Structurally, they can be categorized as plug-in or embedded, among others. Electric bath furnaces are widely used in the heat treatment industry, but there is no universal test method for them yet. This article investigates the calibration method of an electric bath furnace and performs an uncertainty analysis on its temperature uniformity.

Key words: electric bath furnace; furnace temperature uniformity; furnace temperature deviation

电热浴炉主要由炉体和控制器等组成,炉体由浴槽、炉衬、炉壳、加热元件或电极等部分构成。电热浴炉主要用于金属零件在碱浴、盐浴或油浴中进行热处理加热。电热浴炉在热处理过程中有诸多优点。例如:电热浴炉的热容量更大,浴剂中的波动度更小;综合换热系数更大,工件升温速度快;工件浸入浴剂熔液接触紧密,浴剂内温度均匀;浴剂熔液化学状态可控,可控制为中性状态实现无氧化、无脱碳热处理,也可进行化学处理完成工件的局部加热淬火、退火和回火。

1校准项目和方法

1.1外观检查

电热浴炉外形应完好,结构完整,名牌内容(包括设备名称、制造单位、出厂编号、规格型号、使用温度上下限等)齐全。此外配套的温控装置应外形结构完好,能够满足控温要求。控温仪表显示内容中的数字与物理量符合相应标准。设备接入电源后,还要检查加热功能、仪表显示等各部分运行情况是否正常。

1.2测量标准及其他设备

测量过程中的标准器和其他配套设备的相关信息已整理如下,見表1。

1.3校准项目

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