邵琪 王紫娟 陈思羽 邢成芬

摘要 因致病菌耐药性导致的感染性死亡已严重危及世界公共卫生，迫切需要克服致病菌产生耐药性的抗菌材料。共轭聚合物（CPs）是由许多发光单元通过共价键组成的大分子化合物，优异的光学特性使其在光动力抗菌化学疗法（PACT）和光热疗法（PTT）方面具有显著优势。共轭聚合物材料，如水溶性共轭聚合物（WSCPs）、纳米颗粒（CPNs）及其他复合材料，具有体积小、生物相容性好等优势，在抗菌方面表现出显著应用价值。因此，本文总结了近年来CPs及其衍生材料基于光疗在对抗细菌耐药性方面的研究。同时讨论了CPs材料的现状、面临的挑战并对未来克服细菌耐药性产生的策略进行展望。

关 键 词 致病菌；耐药性；共轭聚合物；光動力抗菌化学疗法；光热疗法

中图分类号 R37     文献标志码 A

文章编号：1007-2373（2023）03-0001-16

DOI：10.14081/j.cnki.hgdxb.2023.03.001

Recent progress of conjugated polymers in antibacterial applications

SHAO Qi1， WANG Zijuan2， CHEN Siyu1， XING Chengfen1，3

（1. School of Science， Hebei University of Technology， Tianjin 300401， China; 2. School of Materials Science and Engineering， Hebei University of Technology， Tianjin 300401， China; 3. School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering， Hebei University of Technology， Tianjin 300401， China）

Abstract Infectious death due to drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria has endangered the world's public health. Therefore， there is an urgent need for antimicrobial materials to overcome the development of drug resistance by pathogenic bacteria. Conjugated polymers （CPs） are large molecular compounds composed of many light-emitting units via covalent bonds. Their excellent optical properties give them significant advantages in both photodynamic antibacterial chemotherapy （PACT） and photothermal therapy （PTT）. Conjugated polymer materials， such as water-soluble conjugated polymers （WSCPs）， conjugated polymer nanoparticles （CPNs） and other composites， have the advantages of small size and good biocompatibility， showing significant application value in antibacterial applications. Therefore， this paper has summarized recent studies on the role of CPs and its derived materials in combating bacterial resistance based on phototherapy. The present status and challenges of CPs materials have been discussed， and strategies to overcome bacterial resistance in the future are prospected.

Key words pathogenic bacteria; drug resistance; conjugated polymers; photodynamic antibacterial chemotherapy; photothermal therapy

0 引言

致病性细菌感染及其相应的细菌耐药问题在世界范围内不断增加，对人类身心健康危害严重，是当前亟待解决的公共卫生难题[1]。抗生素作为最直接有效的抗菌药物，帮助人类摆脱了一部分致病菌感染带来的危害，促进了医学事业的发展[2]。但随着人们对抗生素的开发和改造，细菌逐渐对抗生素产生了耐药性[3]。细菌基因组的不断进化是其与抗生素斗争过程中产生耐药性的重要原因之一[4]。敏感细菌可以通过生物循环和水平转移捕获大量耐药基因；细菌的抗生素靶向基因的多样性可通过次级突变被“冻结”，抵消耐药性突变给细菌带来的不适影响[5]；……