1. struggle   n.   挣扎，努力;斗争

vi.   挣扎，努力;斗争

She will not give up her children without a struggle.

她不会轻易放弃自己的孩子。

They have struggled for years to free their country from the enemy.

他们为了把祖国从敌人手中解放出来已经斗争多年了。

（1）struggle （with sb） for/against... 为……而进行的斗争/为反对……而进行的斗争

This flame meant “a struggle for victory”.

这火焰象征着“为胜利而奋斗”。

They joined the struggle against him.

他们参加了反对他的斗争。

（2）struggle （with sb） to do sth  为做某事而（与某人）做斗争

He is engaged in a bitter struggle with his rival to get control of the company.

为取得对公司的控制权，他正同对手进行一场激烈的斗争。

（3）struggle between... and...   在……与……之间斗争

This is the struggle between good and evil.

这是善恶之争。

2. protect   vt.   保护，防护

Each company is fighting to protect its own commercial interests.

每家公司都在奋力保护自己的商业利益。

（1）protect... against   使……免受

Troops have been sent to protect aid workers against attack.

已经派出部队保护救援人员免遭袭击。

（2）protect... from   使……免受

They huddled together to protect themselves from the wind.

他们挤在一起，免受风吹。

3. worth  adj.值……钱，有……价值;值得，有价值

How much is this painting worth？

这幅画值多少钱？

The museum is certainly worth a visit.

这家博物馆的确值得参观。

This idea is well worth considering.

这个想法很值得考虑。

worthless   adj.   无价值的，没用的

worthy   adj.   值得（或應得）……的

4. skin   vt.   剥皮，去皮;擦破皮肤

n.   皮，皮肤

Youll need four ripe tomatoes， skinned and chopped.

你需要四个熟了的西红柿，去皮切碎。

He skinned his knees climbing down the tree.

他从树上爬下来时把膝盖蹭破了。

The snake sheds its skin once a year.

蛇一年蜕一次皮。

skin and bone   瘦成了皮包骨，瘦骨嶙峋

The poor child was just skin and bone.

这个可怜的孩子瘦得皮包骨。

5. condition   n.环境，情况;状况，状态;条件（生活、工作、气候等条件，提出的条件）

Economic conditions are very bad.

经济情况很不好。

He bought a used car in perfect condition.

他买了辆车况完好的旧车。

Trust and respect are conditions of a happy marriage.

信任和尊重是幸福婚姻的条件。

（1）on condition that   以……为条件，只要

They agreed to lend us the car on condition that we returned it before the weekend.

他们同意借车给我们，条件是周末以前要归还。

（2）on no condition   无论如何都不，决不

You must on no condition tell them what happened.

你決不能告诉他们所发生的事。

6. aim    n.   目标，目的;瞄准

vi.   目的是;瞄准

Our main aim is to increase sales in Europe.

我们的主要目标是增加在欧洲的销售量。

His aim was good and he hit the lion with his first shot.

他瞄得准，第一枪就击中了狮子。

We aim at doubling our production.

我们的目标是将产量提高一倍。

I was aiming at the tree but hit the car by mistake.

我对准树射击，却误中了汽车。

be aimed at   目标是，目的是;针对

These measures are aimed at preventing violent crime.

这些措施旨在防止暴力犯罪。

The book is aimed at very young children.

这本书的受众是幼童。

7. live   adj.活的;（广播）现场直播的;（表演）现场演出的

adv.在现场直播，在现场表演（或录制）

vi. & vt.活着;生活，过日子;住，居住

We saw a real live rattlesnake！

我们看见了一条活生生的响尾蛇！

The club has live music most nights.

这个俱乐部大多数晚上有现场演奏的音乐。

The show is going out live.

这场演出正在实况直播。

8. lay   vt.   产卵，下蛋;放置，安放

The cuckoo lays its eggs in other birds nests.

杜鹃在其他鸟的鸟巢中产蛋。

She laid the baby down gently on the bed.

她把婴儿轻轻地放在床上。

9. waste   vt.   浪费;白费

n.   浪费;白费

You are wasted as a sales manager—you should have been an actor.

你当销售经理屈才了——你本应该做演员的。

It seems such a waste to throw good food away.

把好的食物扔掉似乎太浪费了。

waste time （in） doing sth   做某事浪费时间

Youre wasting your time trying to explain it to him.

你跟他解释是在浪费时间。

10. feed on  （动物）以……为食

Butterflies feed on the flowers of garden plants.

蝴蝶以园林中草木的花为食。

Cows feed on grass.

奶牛以草为食。

11. set up   建立;设立

The police set up roadblocks on routes out of the city.

警察在城外的路上设置了路障。

A fund will be set up for the dead mens families.

将为死者家属设立一项基金。

幽默小故事

Weather Forecast

A film crew was on location deep in the desert. One day an old Indian went up to the director and said， “Tomorrow rain.” The next day it rained.

A week later， the Indian went up to the director and said， “Tomorrow storm.” The next day there was a hailstorm. “This Indian is incredible，” said the director. He told his secretary to hire the Indian to predict the weather.

However， after several successful predictions， the old Indian didnt show up for two weeks.

Finally the director sent for him. “I have to shoot a big scene tomorrow，” said the director， “and Im depending on you. What will the weather be like？”

The Indian shrugged his shoulders. “Dont know，” he said. “Radio is broken.”

跟蹤导练（一）

阅读理解

Canada has reintroduced some bison （北美野牛） to the countrys oldest national park in Banff， Alberta， officials said on Monday， more than 130 years after the North American animal last appeared on the eastern slopes of the Canadian Rockies.

The protection team moved a group of 16 bison into enclosed grassland in Banff National Park in the west of the province last week. The group will stay under observation in the Panther Valley until next summer， when the animals will be released into the full 1，189 sq km reintroduction zone in the parks eastern valleys.

Parks Canada said bison were once main grazers （plant-eaters） and that bringing them back would recover their missing role in Banffs ecosystem. “This would be one of only four bison groups in North America that would be fully interacting with their predators （meat-eaters） and shaping the ecosystem as they did over a hundred years ago，” said Karsten Heuer， the bison reintroduction project manager. Those predators will include wolves and bears native to the park.

Ten pregnant female bison and six young bulls were disease-tested before being driven 400 km across Alberta by truck. Since the Panther Valley is not easy to reach by road， officials attached the containers by a long line to a plane and flew them in one at a time for the last 25 km.

Vast bison groups of up to 30 million animals once lived freely across North America. The animal was nearly hunted to extinction， and park keepers estimate bison have not grazed in Banff National Park since before it was set up in 1885.

1. Why did the protection team move bison into enclosed grassland？

A. To observe them. B. To protect them.

C. To cure their diseases. D. To change their habits.

2. Why did Canada reintroduce bison to Banff National Park？

A. To reshape its ecosystem.

B. To make it worth visiting.

C. To help the bison population expand.

D. To recover their predators role in the ecosystem.

3. What mainly caused the great decrease of bison？

A. Deadly diseases. B. Cruel hunting. C. Natural predators. D. Worsened ecology.

4. What is the authors purpose of writing the text？

A. To show how to protect bison. B. To describe the living condition of bison.

C. To explain how to transport bison to Banff. D. To inform readers of bison returning to Banff.

阅读七选五

Whales are interesting animals. 1 They have bodies that are made for swimming. Whales have a lot of body fat that helps them keep warm. It also makes their bodies smooth.

These animals move well through the water. But they are not fish. A fishs tail grows up and down. 2 Whales dont lay eggs like fish. A baby whale grows inside the mothers body before it is born. Baby whales also have hair and drink milk from their mother.

3 A whale must take in air alone. It does this through a hole. This opening is in the top of its head. So it must put the top of its head out of the water from time to time. Even so， many whales can stay under water for a long time.

4 One kind called the blue whale is the biggest animal that has ever lived. Blue whales may grow up to 100 feet long. Some kinds of whales are much smaller. These grow only 10 to 15 feet long.

While whales cant see or smell very well， hearing and feeling let them know what is going on around them. Some whales can make sounds. 5 Then the whale hears the sounds coming back at it. This is how it sees things. It knows where and how far away these things are.

A. Whales are gentle animals.

B. A fish takes in air with water.

C. Most whales are very big animals.

D. A whales tail grows from side to side.

E. They are big sea animals that look like fish.

F. These sounds hit against things under the water.

G. An adult blue whale can weigh more than 100 tons.

1. ________   2. ________   3. ________   4. ________   5.________

跟蹤导练（二）

完形填空

A cat which became famous in Britain for riding on the buses around the southern English city of Plymouth has died after being killed by a car.

Casper， a 12-year-old black and white cat，1to leave his house， trot （小步快跑） across the street to the bus stop， queue with bus passengers and wait for his2 . He then jumped on the No. 3 bus to find his3seat to curl up on before jumping off at his4 . The cat was so clever that he5at which stop to get off and drivers made sure that he wouldnt get off at some random （随意的）6 . Also， the cat seemed to know where to get back7 ， and then he trotted off home. Many local people also knew Casper， who loved everyone and also enjoyed the8journeys. It seemed that the 12-year-old Casper had discovered a very good way to9around the English city of Plymouth in his golden years.

However， one day，10a motorist hit him and did not stop. Casper was then， in fact， crossing the street to11his usual No. 3 bus when he was struck by the car. Our friend， Casper died from his12 . On hearing the news of his death， many people were13 . A company spokesman said in a statement that Casper14many peoples lives and clearly had a very15life traveling around Plymouth. He also imagined that Casper was telling all the other cats in the heaven about the many16he had experienced.

Caspers owner who is quite fond of him， 55-year-old Susan Finden， said he had always been a17cat and was named after the cartoon character Casper The Friendly Ghost， because of his

18of wandering off. Finden posted a sign at Caspers bus stop to let people know that theyd no longer be enjoying the cat of whom theyd grown so19 .

Casper was a special cat and he had a wonderful life. A20of the cat will continue to be used on one of the companys buses. He will be missed forever.

1. A. used B. seemed C. hated D. had

2. A. time B. turn C. place D. order

3. A. best B. loveliest C. nearest D. favorite

4. A. destination B. field C. place D. seat

5. A. heard B. knew C. realized D. saw

6. A. stations B. stops C. spots D. scenes

7. A. up B. down C. off D. on

8. A. bus B. car C. rail D. air

9. A. look B. run C. show D. get

10. A. sadly B. luckily C. happily D. strangely

11. A. recognize B. follow C. catch D. meet

12. A. choice B. injury C. failure D. return

13. A. shocked B. interested C. confused  D. worried

14. A. changed B. touched C. pleased D. challenged

15. A. encouraging B. disappointing C. annoying D. exciting

16. A. adventures B. accidents C. friends D. families

17. A. perfect B. polite C. proud D. free

18. A. tradition B. habit C. experience D. manner

19. A. admirable B. similar C. fond D. popular

20. A. picture B. signal C. movie D. card

跟蹤导练（三）

阅读理解

A

Clover， a three-year-old spirit bear， lives at the BC Wildlife Park near Kamloops， British Columbia， Canada. He lost his parents two years ago and was raised at a wildlife center. When he was set free into the wild， he broke into human camps looking for food. Wildlife experts tried to get him used to living on his own， but he continued to look for places where there were people. Finally the experts decided that he could not live in the wild. Since then， a total of $750，000 has been collected to create a habitat for Clover.

The habitat covers about three acres of land and includes natural forest， two ponds connected by a small river and something else. It will add a platform and a walkway later this year so that people can see Clover and his habitat more closely. There will also be a center where people can learn more about spirit bears. Besides， a black bear will be moved into the habitat so Clover will not feel lonely.

Spirit bears are also called Kermode bears after Francis Kermode， who first studied them. Kermode discovered that a small number of black bears carry a gene （基因） for white fur. If a baby bear receives one of these genes from each parent， its fur will be a creamy white color. There are about 1，200 bears who carry the gene for white fur， but only about 200 white Kermode bears in the world. Kermode bears are found only in British Columbia. They live in the Great Bear Rainforest， an area that covers the mainland and islands along the coast of BC between Vancouver and Alaska.

1. What can we learn about Clover from Paragraph 1？

A. It lost his parents at the age of 3. B. It was not afraid of humans.

C. It could not find any food. D. It grew up in the wild.

2. We can learn that the habitat built for Clover will .

A. be open to visitors B. prepare him for life in the wild

C. become a center for spirit bears D. also be the habitat for black bears

3. What will Clovers future life be like？

A. Busy. B. Easy. C. Hard. D. Lonely.

4. What can we learn about spirit bears according to Francis Kermode？

A. Theyre bigger than black bears. B. Theyre mainly found in BC.

C. Theyre born to white bears. D. Theyre very unusual.

B

Very， very long ago， dogs didnt exist. There were just wolves of different kinds. “Dogor”， an 18，000-year-old puppy， was found frozen in the permafrost in Siberia near Yakutsk. Permafrost is a layer of ground in Arctic and Antarctic areas that remains frozen. Recently， areas of permafrost are thawing （解凍） as the world has warmed， and uncovering secrets long buried and frozen.

Dogor came out of the ground covered with mud and ice， but scientists carefully cleaned him. His head， including his nose， hair， eyelashes， and a mouth full of young teeth， is still very much like it was when he died. Scientists from Sweden have tested him carefully. Their tests showed that the puppy lived 18，000 years ago， that it was a male， and that it was about two months old when it died.

But even though the scientists ran two DNA tests to discover whether Dogor was a dog or a wolf， they didnt get what they wanted. The scientists say that normally its fairly “easy to tell the difference”. They now plan on doing a third DNA test. In any case， the results will teach scientists a lot about the history of dogs and when they began to separate from wolves. “We cant wait to get results from further tests，” said Sergey Fedorov， of the Mammoth Museum of North-Eastern Federal University.

Some people believe we may soon get even more information about very old animals. Due to the climate change， the worlds temperature has gone up by 1℃， which has led to heat waves， record dry periods， wildfires， record rains， and more strong hurricanes. Since the permafrost in Siberia and other areas is thawing， its possible that even more animals will be found， which could help scientists learn more about early history.

5. What is special about Dogor？

A. Its the worlds earliest dog. B. It survived extreme cold.

C. It has shown many secrets. D. It is preserved perfectly.

6. Which word can best describe the result of the study on Dogor？

A. Satisfying. B. Uncertain. C. Unreliable. D. Challenging.

7. What makes it possible for scientists to learn more about ancient animals？

A. Natural disasters.

B. The cold climate.

C. The heating-up of weather.

D. Peoples protection for ancient animals.

8. Where is the text most likely from？

A. A science magazine. B. A biology textbook.

C. A novel about animals. D. A report about weather.

跟蹤导练（四）

完形填空

Apple has announced a plan to become carbon neutral （碳中和） by 2030. This new commitment1that by 2030， every Apple product sold will have net zero climate2 .

“The business has a great3to help build a more positive4 ，” said Tim Cook， Apples CEO. “The innovations （创新） powering our environmental journey are not only5for the planet—theyve6us to make our products more energy-efficient and bring new sources of7energy. Climate action can bring a8age of innovative technology， job creation， and long-lasting economic9 . With our commitment to carbon neutrality， we hope more and more companies will10us and create a much larger11 .”

Apples 2020 Environmental Progress Report has announced it plans to12emissions （排放物） by 75% by 2030. The companys 10-year climate roadmap will lower emissions by continuing to increase the13of low-carbon and recycled14in its products， innovate its product recycling， and15products to be as energy-efficient as possible.

Apple and 10 of its suppliers in China are spending nearly $300 million16projects to produce one billion watts of renewable energy， which has generated （激發） commitments from over 70 suppliers to use 100% renewable energy. Once completed， these commitments will17over 14.3 million metric tons of CO2 emissions each year. Apple also18to help protect forests and ecosystems in Kenya and Colombia， in partnership with Conservation International.

The companys complete plan and how it measures its carbon footprint can be19in its Environmental Progress Report.20on its supplier commitments can also be found there.

1. A. imagines B. doubts C. proves D. means

2. A. protection B. pollution C. control D. deal

3. A. right B. need C. opportunity D. plan

4. A. future B. attitude C. relationship D. market

5. A. slow B. good C. easy D. risky

6. A. helped B. followed C. allowed D. trained

7. A. traditional B. free C. renewable D. clean

8. A. tough B. long C. new D. similar

9. A. slowdown B. uncertainty C. growth D. demand

10. A. lead B. join C. visit D. question

11. A. quantity B. brand C. part D. change

12. A. reduce B. improve C. keep D. quicken

13. A. use B. share C. size D. price

14. A. wastes B. tools C. systems D. materials

15. A. indicate B. design C. show D. consider

16. A. saving B. finding C. developing D. choosing

17. A. measure B. avoid C. increase D. achieve

18. A. regretted B. failed C. promised D. remembered

19. A. corrected B. completed C. applied D. seen

20. A. Progress B. Destruction C. Struggles D. Confidence

跟踪导练（五）

阅读理解

Laplands reindeer （驯鹿） grow well in winters of -30℃ and even colder. So when rain falls instead of snow during the coldest months in the Arctic， it makes food hard to get for them. Now one of the best-loved symbols of Christmas is probably dying out. Numbers have fallen by over half in the last two decades as the place warms at four times the global average rate.

The animals are used to pull sleigh （雪橇） rides for tourists. The rides are part of Lapland winter wonderland experiences in thousands of British tourists each year. But this year the working herd had to be moved 60 miles further north due to the absence of snow. As a result， they cant be provided in some areas， making it hard for people to earn a living.

Lapland is often described as Europes last great wilderness， home to lynxes， brown bears， wolverines and golden eagles. Tourism is a big part of the economy， and the town of Rovaniemi is also the “official home of Santa Claus”. But changing climate is threatening its tourism industry. A report by The Finnish Climate Change Panel warns of flooding and increased rainfall， with Rovaniemi most at risk. Firms that rely on snow “will have great effects on visit levels” and these industries may be forced further north.

Erkkila of the Arctic Husky Park in Rovaniemi says， “Tourists see pictures of the Santa Claus village covered in snow and when they get here they think， ‘Is this the winter wonderland？.” The Husky Park bought a wheeled cart （車） six years ago as a replacement for sleigh rides when the snow fails.

In the past it was thought the Arctic was warming twice as fast as the rest of the world. But a report showed the rate is actually four times the global average.

1. What causes the population drop of Laplands reindeer ？

A. Cold winter. B. Polluted habitats. C. Heavy snow. D. Rising temperatures.

2. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to？

A. Rides. B. Animals. C. Experiences. D. Tourists.

3. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about？

A. Lapland is home to various wildlife. B. Increased rainfall threatens Rovaniemi.

C. Rovaniemi is official home of Santa Claus. D. Changing climate affects Laplands tourism.

4. What does Erkkila say about tourists to Rovaniemi？

A. They feel excited. B. They are disappointed.

C. They enjoy themselves. D. They prefer wheeled carts.

选词填空

用方框里单词的正确形式填空，使其句意完整。

protect spot branch endanger lay

condition struggle monitor waste skin

1. He________our lives by setting fire to our house.

2. Look！ The nurse ________the patients condition carefully.

3. These years she ________to bring up a family alone and living a hard life.

4. The countrys car industry is so strongly________that foreign cars are rarely seen there.

5. They stayed at several of the islands top tourist ________.

6. The flies ________many of their eggs on the piece of meat when I saw them.

7. I couldnt bear that the hunter________ the deer to make much money.

8. Our school has been trying to improve our studying________.

9. Its no use ________time in discussing how it happened.

10. Up to now， our company already has ten ________in this city.

语法填空

Tomb-Sweeping Day is one of the eight most important traditional festivals in China. The actual day usually occurs around April 5 of the Gregorian calendar but the festival lasts1（long）. Traditionally， 10 days before and after Tomb-Sweeping Day can be counted as the festival. The festival is said to originate2the funerals of emperors， generals and ministers in ancient times. The rituals （仪式）3（perform） at these funerals later became popular among ordinary people. Over time the tradition of offering sacrifices to the ancestors and sweeping tombs has been passed down from generation to generation and evolved into4custom widely observed by the Chinese nation. Despite the festival5（have） no official status， the overseas Chinese communities take this festival seriously and observe its traditions faithfully.

Tomb-Sweeping Day is also known as the Qingming Festival，6spring is in the air， the earth looks clearer and brighter with increasing rainfall， and everything in the natural world waves goodbye to the unpleasant memory of winter. This7（consider） as a shift from yin to yang. During this beautiful season， flowers blossom in the8（warm） and everything is full of vitality （生命力）. The tradition of spring outings9（date） back to the Tang Dynasty. Apart from enjoying glorious natural scenery， outings involve other10（activity） which serve to bring out the best of the festival.

1.________ 2. ________3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________

6.________7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________ 10. ________

跟蹤导练（六）

短文改错

The book Im reading of talks about afternoon tea in Britain. It is said to have started in early 1800s. Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner， that might not be served until 8 oclock at night. This custom soon becomes another meal of the day. Interesting， it had a connection by the British porcelain industry. Tea in China was traditionally drank from cups without handles. When tea got popular in Britain， there was a crying need for good cup with handles to suit British habits. This made for the grow in the porcelain industry.

书面表达

假定你是李华，上个星期天在动物园游览时，你看到有人向动物扔石子，伤害它们。请根据提示给你校的英文报社编辑写一封信，反映此事，内容包括：

1.游客伤害动物的过程;

2.你的感受与看法;

3.你的建议。

注意：词数100左右。

Dear Editor，

Yours，

Li Hua

背景大链接

The Wonderful Life Of Buttons

and Kitty

小狗巴顿与小猫基蒂的美好生活

Buttons the abandoned puppy and Kitty the rescued kitten are so close. They think they are sisters and live at Battersea Cats and Dogs Home.

Kitty the cat was brought into Battersea Cats and Dogs Home by a kind-hearted member of the public who found her alone in a garden when she was just one day old.

To keep her company she was put together with Buttons， the Jack Russell Terrier， who was born at the center but rejected by her mother as the runt of the litter.

They have since become inseparable—and even cry when Kitty is moved to the cattery to spend some time with other cats.

Battersea Veterinary Nurse Sascha Taylor said the pair eat， sleep and play together. She said， “Normally wed hand-rear puppies and kittens separately but we thought we could try putting them together as they are both so young.”

“Luckily its paid off as they adore being with each other and do everything together—its really very sweet.”

Buttons mom Poppy was given to the center in Old Windsor， Berks， because her elderly owners could not cope when they discovered she was pregnant with eight puppies.

Staff at the home decided to try rearing the pair together and they have since become great companions.

Kitty and Buttons were put together when they were about two weeks old and treat each other like siblings. Staff at the animal home are hoping someone has enough room to adopt the loveable pair.

Nurse Sascha added， “Hand-rearing them is hard work—I have to feed them every two hours， even throughout the night—but its totally worth it. Were not sure if theyll be re-homed together， though it would be great if they did.”

被遗弃的小狗巴顿和被收留的小猫基蒂关系十分亲密。它们以为彼此是姐妹，一起住在巴特西猫狗之家。

小猫基蒂是被一个好心的市民带到巴特西猫狗之家的，基蒂被发现时才刚出生一天，被遗弃在一个公园里。

为了让它有个伴，工作人员让它跟杰克拉西尔梗狗巴顿住在一起。这只小狗出生在救援中心，但是它的母亲拒绝要它这个小个子。

它们从此变得难分难舍——在基蒂被搬到猫舍跟其他貓共处一段时间时，它们甚至哭了。

巴特西的兽医护士萨沙·泰勒说它俩一起吃，一起睡，也一起玩。 她说：“通常情况下我们会分开抚养小猫和小狗，但我们认为可以尝试在它们还小的时候把它们放在一起。”

“幸运的是我们成功了，它们喜欢待在一起，而且一起做所有的事情——这真是非常甜蜜。”

巴顿的母亲波比是在伯克郡老温莎的救援中心被收留的。它的主人上了年纪，发现它怀了八只狗崽后觉得无法应付。

救援中心的工作人员决定一起抚养这一对，也成全了这一伟大的友情。

基蒂和巴顿在它们大约两周大的时候被放到一起，它们对待彼此如姐妹一般。动物之家的工作人员希望有人有足够的空间收养这可爱的一对。

萨沙护士补充说：“一手抚养它们是件辛苦的事——我必须每两个小时就喂它们一次，甚至在晚上也是如此——但是一切都是值得的。我们不确定它们是不是能够被一起重新领养，但如果可以这样会更好。”