Becca Marsh 杨舟选译

Clowns have appeared in countless novels，performances，and films for well over 200 years.

But where do clowns come from and why are they sopopular within cultures across the globe today？

小丑出现在无数的小说、演出和电影中已有200多年了。

但是小丑是从哪里来的？为什么他们在当今世界的文化中如此流行？

The first famous clown

Joseph Grimaldi is seen as the father ofclowns.He was amongst some of the firstclowns to perform professionally and he isthe most well-known within the industry forhis contribution to clowning.

He first appeared on stage in Englandin 1802 as the clown"Joey"，whobecameknown for his slapstick2 humor and tricks.In 1802 Grimaldi became the only resident'clown at Sadler's Wells Theatre in London.

Some of the first professional stageclowns alongside Grimaldi were WilliamKempe and Robert Amin who both workedwith Shakespeare in the 17th Century.

第一个著名的小丑

约瑟夫·格里马尔迪被视为小丑之父。他是第一批专业表演的小丑之一，因对小丑表演所做的贡献而在业内最为知名。

1802年，他第一次出现在英国舞台上，扮演的是小丑“乔伊”，以滑稽的幽默表演和戏法而闻名。1802年，格里马尔迪成为伦敦沙德勒之井剧院唯一的常驻小丑。

与格里马尔迪一起出现的第一批职业舞台小丑还有威廉·坎普和罗伯特·阿明，他们都在17世纪与莎士比亚合作过。

Clownsface paint

Grimaldi was the inventor of the face paint thatclowns wear as their stage makeup.

The first appearance* Grimaldi made wearingface paint was when he was playing his characterJoey the clown.

The Sadler's Wells Theatre had closed forrefurbishmentin 1801 and reopened in 1802with the clown Joey as the main role.

Grimaldi wanted to make an outstandingappearance for the reopening so he spent some timeredesigning his character and his appearance.

This is when the face paint trend began.

He started with a white base layer6 thatcovered his face and neck. He then added redtriangles on his cheeks，grinning7 red lips andthick eyebrows to exaggerate3 his expressions.

Grimaldi's biographer Andrew McConnell Stottexplained that this was pivotal°at the time and thisface paint became one of the most influential'0theatrical " designs of the 1800s.

小丑的面部彩繪

格里马尔迪发明了小丑用作舞台妆的面部彩绘。

格里马尔迪第一次化面部彩绘的演出是在他扮演小丑乔伊的时候。

沙德勒之井剧院在1801年因翻新而关闭，到了1802年重新开放并以小丑乔伊为主角。

格里马尔迪想在剧院重开时做精彩的亮相，所以他花了一些时间重新设计自己的角色和扮相。

这就是（小丑）面部彩绘潮流的开始。

他从覆盖脸部和颈部的白色底妆开始。然后，他在脸颊上画上了红色的三角形，咧嘴笑的红色嘴唇和浓密的眉毛来夸大自己的表情。

格里马尔迪的传记作者安德鲁·麦康奈尔·斯托特解释说，这在当时是至关重要的，这种面部彩绘成为19世纪最有影响力的戏剧设计之一。

Clowns International

Clowns International，once known as theInternational Circus Clowns Club，was formedin 1947 by circus enthusiast '2Stan Bult. It isan associationl3for clowns.gzslib202204041724

The organization was formed following atradition that started in the early 1940s bycircus owner Billy Smart. Every year clownswould renew their circus contracts""， andSmart had the idea to mark the moment byvisiting Joseph Grimaldi's gravel in London.Clownswereencouraged to visit and payrespects to the father of the clown industry.

This tradition was repeated year after yearuntil 1947 when Stan Bult decided to formClowns International.

The idea was to unite 0 clowns across theglobe to share industry knowledge and to beable to network with circus folk '7.

小丑国际

小丑国际，曾被称为国际马戏团小丑俱乐部，由马戏团爱好者斯坦·布尔特于1947年成立，是一家小丑协会。

该组织是按照马戏团老板比利·斯马特在20世纪40年代早期开始的一项传统创建的。每年小丑们都会与马戏团续约，斯马特想通过参观伦敦约瑟夫·格里马尔迪的坟墓来纪念这一时刻。小丑们被鼓励去扫墓并向小丑行业之父致敬。

这一传统年复一年地延续下来，直到1947年，斯坦·布尔特决定成立小丑国际。

这个想法是为了让全世界的小丑们联合起来，共同分享行业知识，并与各马戏团成员建立联系。

International Clown Week

International Clown Week was passed inUS law by President Richard Nixon on August2，1971.

lt is celebrated every year in the firstweek of August.

The first celebrations arose in the 1950swith small gatherings and volunteer showsbeing held to promote18all things aboutclowning around.

In 1967 the Clown Club of Americaencouraged its members to make the weekofficial.

國际小丑周

1971年8月2日，理查德·尼克松总统通过了国际小丑周法案。

人们在每年8月的第一周庆祝国际小丑周。

最初的国际小丑周庆祝活动出现在20世纪50年代，当时举行了小规模的集会和志愿者表演，以宣传有关小丑的一切内容。

1967年，美国小丑俱乐部鼓励其成员促使国际小丑周成为官方的活动。

Clowns have become embedded19 within modern life， through performancesand films

Although  over  the  years  there  have  been  less  number  of  circus  shows， clowning will live on through childrens birthday parties and modern horror films.

小丑已经通过演出和电影融入现代生活之中。

尽管多年来马戏表演的数量变少，但小丑表演将通过儿童生日派对和现代恐怖电影得以延续。