赵雅丽

縱观当下，随着“绿色环保”“低碳出行”等倡议的提出，新能源汽车愈发流行。东盟各国出台了一系列措施致力于发展新能源汽车，而中国在新能源汽车领域已经拥有十分丰富的经验积累，品质与标准均已获得市场的高度认可，这使得中国车企开拓东盟市场的优势进一步扩大。

中国—东盟博览会（以下简称东博会）一直以来为中国新能源汽车搭建了走向东盟的平台，如今，随着《区域全面经济伙伴关系协定》（RCEP）生效，东博会的平台功能将提质升级，从服务“10+1”向服务RCEP拓展。畅想未来，东博会有望为中国新能源汽车“走出去”提供更广阔的发展机遇，从东盟迈向世界市场。

有需求才能在东盟布局

近年来，东盟各国汽车消费市场已经出现了新变化：环保、低成本、绿色节能的汽车愈来愈受到欢迎，正成为东盟主要汽车消费国泰国、印尼和马来西亚的第二大畅销车，这也为中国—东盟带来了新的合作机遇。

值得注意的是，东盟国家的电动汽车正处于起步阶段，市场潜力巨大。当前，东盟国家正加速推进新能源汽车产业发展，泰国和印尼已提出燃油车禁售时间表，并推出一系列EV（电动汽车）发展配套政策措施。

据中国汽车技术研究中心资深专家黄永和介绍，作为东盟电动汽车销量最大的国家，泰国政府希望在电动汽车产业方面吸收更多外商投资，将泰国打造成为东盟EV中心，计划到2035年市场只销售电动汽车;印尼政府颁布了电动汽车金融、税收优惠政策，并明确到2050年销售的汽车均为EV的目标。

而中国在发展新能源汽车方面与东盟国家不谋而合，中国自2012年提出新能源汽车发展目标以来，相继出台了财政补贴、路权优先、牌照开放等一系列政策措施。

瞄准新能源汽车产业的发展前景，中国汽车企业已在东盟国家进行布局，展开多项合作。2019年，上海汽车旗下的泰国销售公司与泰国大型能源公司就构建EV充电网络启动合作，加快在泰国建立充电设施。2021年6月，长城汽车泰国工厂正式投产，首台哈佛H6 HEV（混合动力汽车）下线。2021年9月，哪吒汽车发布针对海外市场的哪吒V右舵版车型，并正式宣布“出海”泰国，进军东盟新能源汽车市场，其不仅是首家出口右舵车型的造车新势力，未来哪吒汽车还将同步开展哪吒加电业务布局，满足东盟用户全场景的充电需求。

有平台才能广开市场之门

多年以来，中国和东盟以东博会为平台，进行全方位合作与交流，推动区域发展，是中国优秀企业走向东盟、走向世界的重要窗口。中国新能源车企紧紧抓住东博会这个走向世界的大好平台，将生产的各类新能源汽车推出亮相，成为东博会的一大亮点。

在第16届东博会上，各种型号的新能源汽车和电动车有序排列。其中，广西贵港市展出46种型号的新能源汽车和电动车，SUV及轿跑车车型6种，物流车车型4种，大巴车、校车、旅游观光车各1种，新能源三轮车车型5种，新能源电动车车型28种。

上汽通用五菱在第18届东博会中，第一次以“主机厂+直营店”联动的方式参加，并首次携小型新能源“人气王”宏光MINIEV和“未来感摩登座驾”KiWiEV参展。上汽通用五菱希望借助东博会，向东盟国家以及社会各界进一步宣传旗下新能源车型。

此外，哪吒汽车以“智慧新能源 低碳新未来”为主题，携哪吒U Pro、哪吒S、哪吒V三款车型亮相第18届东博会。哪吒汽车总裁助理兼营销公司总裁江峰说：“目前东盟对汽车产品的需求旺盛，汽车出口贸易的潜力巨大，借助第18届东博会可以推开我们在东盟国家的市场大门。”

除了在东博会设展之外，论坛活动也成为东博会助力中国—东盟新能源汽车合作的重要路径。在第18届东博会框架下，首次举办了中国—东盟（贵港）新能源电动车产业创新发展高峰论坛，来自全国新能源电动车产业领域的权威人士、专家学者、企业家代表等齐聚一堂，共同分享了国内外新能源电动车领域最前沿的科学技术和创新实践，为加速推动中国—东盟新能源电动车产业发展带来最具活力的构想，有助中国—东盟新能源电动车生产基地的发展壮大。

有新机遇才能展望新发展

中国的新能源汽车取得的成绩是不可否认的，但在一些前沿技术上，的确与国际先进水平还有一定差距。而RCEP区域内日本等发达国家的新能源汽车技术值得关注。随着新能源汽车的愈发流行和市场逐步扩大，作为新能源车企，需要不断更新改进新能源汽车现存的些许问题，如续航里程过短、充电桩资源分布不均匀等，这些都为区域市场探讨进一步的合作留下了广阔的空间。

另外，就当下形势而言，最值得一提的是RCEP的生效实施，这使东博会从服务“10+1”向服务RCEP拓展，其平台功能作用将提质升级。据了解，第19届东博会筹备工作将聚焦展会更好服务RCEP的功能，将东博会投资促进功能范围向RCEP拓展，积极开拓RCEP国家客商邀请新渠道，这将为中国—东盟新能源汽车产业合作带来前所未有的新机遇。“要把握RCEP实施机遇，需要充分利用税收和优惠条件，把握东盟市场特点，投放差异化优势产品，新能源汽车产品是重点之一。”黄永和说。

从技术的交流探讨，到市场的研判分析，再到产品的展示、营销，在RCEP生效的大背景下，一个拓展服务RCEP的东博会，将为区域内新能源汽车全产业链的合作搭建新的舞台。

At present， with the proposal of initiatives such as “green environmental protection” and “low-carbon travel”， new energy vehicles are becoming more and more popular. ASEAN countries have introduced a series of measures to develop new energy vehicles， while China has rich experience in such fields， with quality and standards having been highly recognized by the market， providing advantages for Chinese auto enterprises to tap into the ASEAN market.

The China-ASEAN Expo （CAEXPO） has provided a platform for China’s new energy vehicles to enter ASEAN countries. Now， with the entry into force of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership agreement （RCEP）， the CAEXPO will be upgraded and expanded from serving 10 ASEAN countries and China to serving RCEP Member States. In this case， the CAEXPO is expected to provide broader development spaces for China’s new energy vehicles to “go global” and move from ASEAN to the world.

Only with demand can enterprises enter ASEAN markets

In recent years， changes have taken place in the automobile consumption of ASEAN countries： environmentally friendly， low-cost， and green energy-saving vehicles continues to grow in popularity. They are becoming the second-best-selling vehicles in Thailand， Indonesia and Malaysia， the main automobile consumption countries of ASEAN. This also brings new opportunities for China-ASEAN cooperation.

It is worth noting that EVs in ASEAN countries are in their infancy and have great market potential. At present， ASEAN countries are accelerating the development of the industry. Thailand and Indonesia have put forward a timetable for banning the sale of fossil fuel vehicles and launched a series of supporting policies and measures for the development of EVs.

According to Huang Yonghe， a senior expert of China Automotive Technology & Research Center， as a country with the largest sales of EVs in ASEAN， the Thai government hopes to attract more foreign investment in the industry and build Thailand into an EV center of ASEAN， and plans to sell only EVs in the market by 2035. The Indonesian government has issued preferential financial and tax policies for EVs and made it clear that all vehicles sold  EVs by 2050.

China coincides with ASEAN countries in the development of new energy vehicles. Since China put forward the goal of developing new energy vehicles in 2012， it has successively introduced a series of policies and measures， such as financial subsidies， right-of-way priority， and opening license plate application channels for EVs.

Aiming at the development prospect of new energy vehicles， Chinese auto enterprises have made layout and carried out a number of cooperation in ASEAN countries. In 2019， SAIC’s Thai sales company and large Thai energy companies started cooperation on construction of EV charging networks and accelerated the development of charging facilities in Thailand. In June 2021， Great Wall Motors’ plants in Thailand were officially put into operation and the first Harvard H6 HEV （hybrid electric vehicle） was sold offline. In September 2021， Neta Auto released the Neta V， a right-hand drive version for the overseas market and officially announced that it would go to Thailand， entering the new energy vehicle market of ASEAN countries. It is not only the first vehicle manufacturing company to export right-hand drive cars but also will carry out charging businesses simultaneously to meet the needs of ASEAN users in all scenes.

Only with platforms can enterprises open the market

Over the years， China and ASEAN have carried out all-round cooperation and exchanges and promote regional development under the CAEXPO. It is an important window for good Chinese enterprises to enter ASEAN and go global. With the CAEXPO， China’s new energy vehicle enterprises display cars of various kinds and become a highlight in the CAEXPO.

At the 16th CAEXPO， many EVs were orderly arranged to display. Among them， Guigang City of Guangxi exhibited 46 types of new energy vehicles and electric vehicles， including 6 SUV and coupes， 4 logistics vehicles， 1 bus， school bus and sightseeing bus respectively， 5 new energy tricycles， and 28 new energy two-wheeled vehicles.

SAIC GM Wuling firstly participated in the 18th CAEXPO in the form of “head company + direct sale stores” and brought to the public the Hongguang Mini EV， a small-sized new energy vehicle popular among people and Kiwi EV which features the sense of future. The auto company hoped to further publicize its new energy vehicle models to ASEAN countries and all sectors of society through the CAEXPO.

In addition， Neta Auto made its presence at the 18th CAEXPO with three vehicle models， namely Neta U Pro， Neta S， and Neta V， under the theme of “Develop Smart New Energy for A New Future Featuring Low-carbon Emission”. Jiang Feng， Assistant of Neta CEO and Head of the marketing company of Neta， said， “At present， ASEAN has strong demand for auto products. Great potential exists in auto export trade. With the 18th CAEXPO， we can step forward into the ASEAN market.”

In addition to setting up exhibitions at the CAEXPO， holding forums have also become an important form to promote China-ASEAN cooperation in new energy vehicles. Under the framework of the 18th CAEXPO， the China-ASEAN （Guigang） New Energy Electric Vehicle Industry Innovation and Development Summit was held for the first time. Authorities， experts， scholars and entrepreneurs from the sector gathered to share the cutting-edge technology as well as domestic and foreign innovative practices. They brought the most advanced concepts to accelerate the development of new energy vehicle industry in China-ASEAN region and contribute to the growth of the production base.

Only with new opportunities can enterprises welcome new development

One cannot deny the achievements made in China’s new energy vehicles， but there is still a certain gap with the international advanced level in some cutting-edge technologies. The new energy vehicle technology of Japan and other developed countries in RCEP region deserves attention. With the increasing popularity of new energy vehicles and the gradual expansion of the market， as a new energy vehicle enterprise， it is necessary to constantly update and fix the existing problems of new energy vehicles， such as too short mileage and uneven distribution of charging station resources， which leaves a broad space for further cooperation in the regional market.

In addition， in terms of the current situation， the most noteworthy is the entry into force of RCEP， which makes the CAEXPO expand from serving 10 ASEAN countries and China to serving RCEP Member States to achieve quality improvement and upgradation. The 19th CAEXPO will focus on better serving RCEP， expanding the scope of investment promotion to RCEP， and actively exploring new channels to invite enterprises from RCEP Member States. All these will bring unprecedented new opportunities for China-ASEAN cooperation in new energy vehicles. “To seize opportunities brought by RCEP’s entry into force， we need to make full use of tax and preferential policies， understand ASEAN markets， and launch differentiated advantageous products. New energy vehicles are one of the keys，” said Huang Yonghe.

From exchanging views in technology， and researching and analyzing markets， to exhibiting products and carrying out marketing， all these show that with the entry into force of RCEP， a CAEXPO expanding the service scope to RCEP will provide the region with a new stage for cooperation in new energy vehicles.

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