纳米硒对水稻产量与品质的影响
2022-03-13王玮杨万仁王锐
王玮 杨万仁 王锐



摘 要:以宁粳44号为试验对象,设置4个不同浓度纳米硒喷施水平:375g·hm-2(S1)、750g·hm-2(S2)、1125g·hm-2(S3)、1500g·hm-2(S4),以喷清水为对照(CK),采用田间试验方法研究喷施纳米硒对水稻产量、品质以及水稻籽粒和叶片含硒量的影响。结果表明,喷施纳米硒各个处理下,水稻的株高、穗长、每穗粒数、结实率、千粒重、产量、整精米率和籽粒含硒量均高于对照。其中,以1125g/hm2(S3)处理效果最佳,对于株高、穗长、每穗粒数、结实率、千粒重、产量较CK提高了6.60%、8.42%、3.21%、2.39%、5.86%和19.43%,整精米率也较对照提高4.72个百分点,籽粒含硒量较CK提高90%。
关键词:喷施纳米硒;宁粳44号;品质;产量;硒含量
中图分类号 S511 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731(2022)04-0077-02
Abstract: Taking Ningjing 44 as the research object, set 4 different concentrations of selenium-enriched fertilizer spraying levels:375g/hm2 (S1), 750g/hm2 (S2), 1125g/hm2(S3), 1500g/hm2 (S4), with spraying clear water as the control (CK), using field test methods to study the effects of spraying selenium fertilizer on rice yield, quality, and selenium content in rice grains and leaves. The results showed that the plant height, ear length, number of grains per ear, seed setting rate, thousand-grain weight, yield, head rice rate and selenium content of rice under each treatment of spraying selenium fertilizer were higher than those of CK;among them, 1125g/hm2(S3) The treatment effect was the best. Compared with CK, the plant height, ear length, number of grains per ear, seed setting rate, thousand-grain weight and yield increased by 6.60%, 8.42%, 3.21%, 2.39%, 5.86% and 19.43%, the rate of whole rice has also increased by 4.72% compared with CK,the selenium content of the grains is 90% higher than that of CK.
Key words: Spraying selenium fertilizer; Ningjing 44; Quality; Yield; Selenium content
硒(Se)具有提高人体免疫功能,预防心血管疾病的作用,还参与能量代谢和基因表达等[1-3],是植株中重要的微量元素之一[4]。研究表明,补充硒元素,可以有效降低癌症的发病率。另外,硒对重金属元素具有拮抗作用。硒作用在植物上,还可以提高植物的含硒量,降低重金属元素含量,从而保证动物和人体能摄取足够的硒[5]。
水稻是我国的主粮作物之一,富硒水稻可以提高人体硒摄入量,对于解决我国大面积缺硒、降低因缺硒诱发的疾病发生率等问题意义重大[6]。赵双玲等[7]研究表明,喷施纳米硒不仅可以促进水稻的早熟,也能提高水稻产量和稻米品质。徐琴等[6]研究表明,增施纳米硒能提高水稻精米以及糙米的硒元素含量。
提高稻米品质是水稻产业发展的重点,是水稻产业可持续发展的要素[8]。因此,为了提高宁夏地区水稻品质,产量以及硒含量,本试验通过喷施纳米硒,探讨其对水稻产量、品质以及水稻籽粒硒含量的影响,并为外源纳米硒用于缺硒水稻补硒的研究提供理论支撑。……
