黄娇丽 黄珂 唐健民 曹明 苏仕林

摘 要：  植物崇拜是人类崇尚自然、敬畏生命这一朴素理念的基本体现。为了解百色地区民族民间植物崇拜文化内涵及其对生物多样性保护和管理的影响，该文采用民族植物学方法调查了百色地区民族民间植物崇拜文化及其文化特征，从自然崇拜、传统节日文化、生命礼俗和传统医药等方面探讨了百色地区民族民间植物文化对生物多样性保护的作用。结果表明：百色地区民族民间植物文化内涵丰富，具有丰富的生物多样性。百色地区民族民间崇拜植物分属53个种、47个属、28个科。其中，蔷薇科和豆科种类最多，分别为5种;其次是桑科和禾本科，分别为4种。从生活型的组成来看，乔木植物占绝对优势，有39种，占总种数的73.58%;草本11种，占总种数的20.75%;灌木3种，占总种数的5.67%。其中，有4种植物在中国珍稀濒危植物信息系统中被列為国家Ⅱ级名录（闽楠、蚬木、格木、红椿），有5种植物被列为各省市区（地方）保护野生植物名录（红楠、广西青冈、桃金娘、苏木、黄檀）。这些植物形成了多样的植物群落，对百色地区植物多样性保护具有重要的促进作用。

关键词： 植物崇拜文化， 生物多样性保护， 民族植物学， 百色， 民间

中图分类号：  Q949.99

文献标识码：  A

文章编号：  1000-3142（2021）11-1827-12

National folk plant worship culture and biodiversity

conservation in Baise

HUANG Jiaoli1， HUANG Ke1， TANG Jianmin2， CAO Ming2， SU Shilin1*

（ 1. College of Agriculture and Food Engineering， Baise University， Baise 533000， Guangxi， China; 2. Guangxi Key Laboratory of

Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain， Guangxi Institute of Botany， Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences， Guilin 541006， Guangxi， China ）

Abstract：  Plant worship is an ancient and rudimentary form to respect nature and life. In order to understand the influence between the unique national folk plant

worship and biodiversity conservation in Baise， Guangxi， ethnobotany investigation methods were utilized in this paper to investigate the cultural characteristic of plant worship. The effects of folk plant culture on the conservation of biodiversity were discussed from various aspects like nature worship， The effects of unique national folk plant， life etiquette and traditional medicine. The results are as follows： There are rich  national folk plant culture connotation and biodiversity in Baise. The  national folk plant which have been worshipped in Baise belong to 28 families， 47 genera and 53 species. Among them， Rosaceae and Leguminosae are the most abundant species， which contains 5 species respectively， the following are Mulberry and Gramineae， containing 4 species respectively. Arbor plant is the dominant life forms， accounting for 39 species of 73.58% of the total number of species. There are 11 species of herbage， making up 20.75% of the total number of species. The rest 5.67% are  3 species of shrub.  Out of all these species， four of them can be found in the Information System of Rare and Endangered Plants in China within the List of National Level Ⅱ Plants， which are Phoebe bournei， Burretiodendron hsienmu， Erythrophleum fordii， Toonaciliate. In addition， five of them belong to the provincial and municipal （local） level Protected Wild Plants List， namely Machilus thunbergii， Cyclobalanopsis kouangsiensis， Rhodomyrtus tomentosa， Caesalpinia sappan， Dalbergia hupeana. These plants form various plant communities， which plays an important role in promoting the protection of plant diversity in the Baise.

Key words： plant worship culture， biodiversity conservation， ethnobotany， Baise， folk

植物是地球生命系统和全球生物多样性的核心组成部分，为人类社会的生产和发展提供了最基本的资源。在人类发展的漫长历史过程中，各类植物资源是人类获取日常生活必需品的主要来源（裴盛基等，2009）。……