雍山玉 桑得福 宋振华 贾莉

摘要：在全膜雙垄沟播栽培条件下对引进的9个玉米新品种进行了试验。结果表明，参试各玉米品种在当地均能正常成熟，其中以Q2146和M751折合产量最高，为11 636.4 kg/hm2，较对照品种迪卡159分别增产41.00%;M751折合产量次之，为11 368.7 kg/hm2，较对照品种迪卡159增产37.76%。这2个品种综合性状表现良好，双穗率高，可在定西市旱作区同类生态区域推广种植。龙博士7号和农科大8号也有较好的丰产性，折合产量分别为10 934.3、10 505.1 kg/hm2，分别较对照品种迪卡159增产32.50%、27.30%，综合性状表现较好，可作为搭配品种在定西市旱作区示范种植。

关键词：定西市;旱作区;玉米;新品种;品种比较试验

中图分类号：S513        文献标志码：A        文章编号：1001-1463（2021）10-0069-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1001-1463.2021.10.014

Drought Resistance Identification and Drought Resistance Indices Screening of 30 Barley Germplasm Resources at Seedling Stage

XU Yinping 1， PAN Yongdong 1， ZHANG Tinghong 1， LIU Meijin 2， REN Cheng 1， YAO Yuanhu 1，  JIA Yanchun 1， CHEN Wenqing 1， ZHAO Feng 1， BAO Qijun 1， HUO Kecang 1， NIU Xiaoxia 1

（1. Institute of Industrial Crops and Malting Barley， Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Lanzhou Gansu 730070， China;2. Agricultural Science Research Institute of Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Gansu Province， hezuo Gansu 747000， China）

Abstract：Drought is the important abiotic stress factor for barley production in the northwestern hinterland. It is of great significance to identify drought resistance of barley resources， determine drought resistance index， screen drought resistance germplasm and cultivate drought resistance cultivars. The effects of the plant height，root length，leaf length，shoot fresh weight，root fresh weight，shoot dry weight，root dry weight and total dry weight of thirty barley germplasms were measured at the normal water supply and repeated drought treatments in pot experiments in rainprotection shed. Drought resistance comprehensive evaluation value （D value）， comprehensive drought resistance coefficient （CDC value）， weight drought resistance coefficient （WDC value）， correlation analysis， frequency analysis， principal component analysis， grey relational analysis， subordinate function analysis， clustering analysis， and stepwise regression analysis were used to identify the drought resistance and screen drought resistance indices of tested barley germplasms at seedling stage. The results showed that drought stress had significant effects on all indices. Frequency analysis showed that the sensitive degrees of all indices response to drought stress in turn for root length， root dry weight， total dry weight， shoot fresh weight， shoot dry weight， leaf length， root fresh weight and plant height. Correlation analysis showed that the total dry weight was significantly and positively correlated with root dry weight， shoot dry weight， leaf length ，root length and shoot fresh weight， but not with plant height and root fresh weight. Principal component analysis showed that 4 principal components could represent 83.583% of the original data information of barley drought resistance. The ranks of drought resistance of tested barley germplasms based on the D value， CDC value， and WDC value were similar. Grey relational analysis showed that the correlation degree between DC value of all indices and D value in turn for plant height， shoot dry weight， total dry weight， leaf length， shoot fresh weight， root length， root dry weight and root fresh weight， which was basically consistent with the order of correlation degree between DC value and WDC value.According to D value clustering analysis， tested barley germplasms were divided into 5 drought resistance grades， 2 belonged to grade 1， 13 belonged to grade 2， 6 belonged to grade 3， 7 belonged to grade 4， and  2 belonged to grade 5. The subordinate function values of tested indices except for root fresh weight，shoot dry weight， root dry weight and total dry weight，CDC value，D value，and WDC value were increased with increase of drought resistance grades. Stepwise regression analysis showed that the plant height and total dry weight were closely related to the D value. Xizang25 and NEVADA were identified as drought resistance barley germplasms at seedling stage， which could be used as materials for the researches on cultivar breeding， mechanism， and regulation and alleviation mechanism of drought resistance in barley. The plant height and total dry weight could be used as the simple and intuitive identification indices of drought resistance in barley germplasm resources at seedling stage.

Key words：Barley（Hordeum vulgare L.）;Drought resistance at seedling stage;Drought resistance indexes; Comprehensive evaluation

定西市位于甘肃省中部，年降水量300～500 mm，且季节分布不均，多集中于7 — 9月，属典型的旱作农业区，旱作区面积占全市耕地总面积的88%左右[1 ]。玉米是定西市种植的主要农作物之一，随着以全膜双垄沟播为主的旱作农业技术的大力推广应用，全膜玉米在全市得到大面积种植，近年种植面积稳定在13.34万hm2左右，为保障区域粮食安全、促进农民增产增收发挥了重要作用。在雨养旱作条件下，玉米高产稳产主要取决于品种对水分亏缺的耐受性，玉米品种关系到玉米的产量、品质以及经济效益，选择不同的玉米抗旱品种对于提高玉米产量至关重要[2 - 3 ]。但是，随着玉米种植面积的扩大也伴随着出现了种植品种多、乱、杂的问题[4 ]。为了加快玉米品种的更新换代，丰富当地品种资源，进一步挖掘玉米增产潜力，我们进行了玉米新品种比较试验，以期筛选出适宜在定西市旱作区种植的优良抗旱玉米新品种，为定西市旱作玉米品种的选用和高产高效栽培提供依据。……