数据主权安全能力的成熟度模型构建研究
2021-10-21黄海瑛文禹衡
黄海瑛 文禹衡



摘 要:构建数据主权安全能力成熟度模型,用于评价国家的数据主权安全能力状况,针对薄弱环节提出改进策略,为今后制定相关标准提供智力支持。以能力成熟度模型的标准和相关研究成果为基础,运用层次分析法,确定模型的三维结构,识别关键过程域,构建能力维度,进而划定成熟度等级。数据主权安全能力成熟度模型由“数据本地存储”“数据跨境流动”和“数据域外管辖”3个关键过程域,“文化教育”“技术工具”“政策战略”“组织建设”和“立法司法”5项能力维度,以及“初始级”“发展级”“必要级”“充分级”和“优化级”5级成熟度共同构成。其中,能力维度包括19种构成要素,其是描述能力成熟度等级所要求的29个关键实践的基础。
关键词:DSSCMM;数据主权;安全能力;成熟度等级;数据流动
中图分类号:G203 文献标识码:A DOI:10.11968/tsyqb.1003-6938.2021054
Research on the Maturity Model of Data Sovereignty Security Capability
Abstract This Paper aims to build a maturity model of data sovereignty security capability for evaluating the state of a countrys data sovereignty security capability and proposing improvement strategies for weak links, so as to provide intellectual support for the formulation of relevant standards in the future. Based on the standards of the capability maturity model and related research results, the three-dimensional structure of the model, with the analytic hierarchy process, is determined, the key process areas are identified, the capability dimension is constructed, and the maturity level is determined. The study found that the maturity model of data sovereignty security capability consists of three key process areas, namely, "local data storage", "cross-border data flow" and "extraterritorial jurisdiction of data", five capability dimensions , namely, "cultural education", "technical tools", "policy strategies", "organizational construction", and "legislation and judiciary", and five maturity levels, namely, "initial level", "development level", "necessary level", "sufficiency level" and "optimization level". In which the capability dimension includes 19 components, which are the basis for describing the 29 key practices required by the capability maturity level.
Key words DSSCMM; data sovereignty; security capability; maturity level; data flow
1 引言
當前,人们对于数据重要性的认知已经从“黄金”“石油”上升到了“生产要素”,数据不仅关系到生产生活、社会治理,也关乎国家安全,由此主张国家数据主权成为大国博弈的必然趋势。从对外发布的政策文件等来看,欧盟强化数据主权/数字主权力度比其他国家和地区都要大。如果不局限于政策文件中是否出现“数据主权”及其类似字词,会发现美国和中国等国家也都在不断地强化数据主权。然而,一国数据主权安全能力到底如何却不得而知。诚然,主权的概念范畴随着社会发展而不断扩展,已从传统的领土、领海、领空主权扩展到信息主权、网络主权、数据主权,数据主权成为新的概念分支并占据主权体系版图核心[1]。……
