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重点句型要览

2021-09-29刘素庚

初中生学习指导·提升版 2021年10期
关键词:频度复数代词

刘素庚

1. 【句型回顾】—How often do you watch TV?—Twice a week.  ——你多久看一次电视? ——一个星期两次。

【解析】how long, how soon, how far, how often的区别:

how long意为“多长”,一般意为“多长时间,多长的长度”;how soon意为“还有多长时间”,用于将来时中对将来的时间提问。

how far表示“多远、多长”,主要用于对距离的提问。抽象意义可表示 “(某事或某物进展)到什么范围或程度”;how often意为“多久”,但这里的多久指的是时间频率。其回答多用频度副词always, often, never或 twice a week, three times a day等。例:

—How often do you play the piano? —Once a week.

—How long did you stay here?  —For two hours.

【典型例题】1)— __________do you usually exercise?

—I usually exercise every morning.

A. How far    B. How long    C. How often

2)—__________do you visit your grandmother in the countryside?

—Once a month.

A. How far B. How long C. How soon D. How often

【答案剖析】1)C. every morning为频度副词,应用how often提问。

2)D. once a month为频度副词, 表示“一个月一次”,所以选D.

2. 【句型回顾】The other ten percent use it at least three or four times a week. 另外10%的人每周至少使用三到四次。

【解析】ten percent 百分之十, percent后不加s。例:85 percent 百分之八十五。

least是little的最高级,它的比较级是less; at least表示“至少”。

other, others, the other, the others, another的区别:

other可作形容词或代词,作形容词时,意思是“别的,其他的”;作代词时,泛指“其他的(人或物)”;others是other的复数形式,泛指“另外几个,其余的”,在句中可作主语、宾语。

the other指“两个人或物中的另一个”,此时的other作代词。the other后可加单数名词,也可加复数名词,此时的other作形容词。the others意思是“其他东西,其余的人”,特指某一范围内的“其他的(人或物)”,是the other的复数形式,the others = the other + 复数名词;another既可作形容词,也可作代词,泛指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一个”,只能代替或修饰单数可数名词。例:

He has two daughters. One is a nurse, the other is a worker.

I don’t like this one. Please show me another.

Do you have any other question(s)?

【典型例题】The school offers two courses on computer technology. One is for beginners and __________is for those who already have some basic knowledge.

A. other      B. another      C. the other

【答案剖析】C.指两个人或物中另一個时,只能用the other, 所以选C。

3. 【句型回顾】Exercise such as playing sports is fun, and you can spend time with your friends and family as you play together. 锻炼,比如做体育运动是有趣的,你可以花时间与你的朋友和家人一起玩。

【解析】spend, cost, take, pay都可以表示“花费”,但用法却不尽相同:

spend的主语必须是人,过去式和过去分词是spent, 常用于以下结构:

spend time/money on sth. 在……上花费时间(金钱)

spend time/money (in)doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事

cost的主语是物,过去式和过去分词是cost, 常见用法如下:

sth. costs (sb.)+金钱, 某物花了(某人)多少钱

take过去式和过去分词分别是took、taken, 后面常跟双宾语,常见用法如下:

It takes sb. +时间+to do sth. 某人做某事花了多少时间

pay的过去式和过去分词是paid, 常见用法如下:

sb. pay (sb.)money for sth. 某人付钱(给某人)买……

sb. pay for sth. 某人付……的钱

pay for sb. 替某人付钱

【典型例题】 1)He __________most of his time __________English.

A. spends, studying    B. costs, studied

C. takes, to study D. pays, studies

2)Spending too much __________playing computer games is bad for your __________.

A. time; eye    B. time; eyes    C. times; eyes

【答案剖析】1)A. spend time (in)doing sth. 表示“花费时间做某事”,所以选A。

2)B. too much后接不可数名词time,eyes表示“双眼”,所以选B。

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