我国茶产业发展“十三五”回顾及“十四五”展望
2021-09-29冷杨童杰文黄萍尚怀国周泽宇
冷杨 童杰文 黄萍 尚怀国 周泽宇
摘要:文章回顾了“十三五”期间我国茶产业在规模布局、加工结构、消费贸易、产业效益、文化发展、品牌建设、绿色生产、融合发展、政策法规和科技支撑等方面的发展情况,分析了存在的主要问题,展望“十四五”茶产业发展前景并提出对策建议。
关键词:茶产业;“十三五”;发展;“十四五”;展望
The Development of Tea Industry in China
during the 13th Five-Year Plan Period and
Prospects for the 14th Five-Year Plan Period
LENG Yang1, TONG Jiewen2,3, HUANG Ping2,4, SHANG Huaiguo1, ZHOU Zeyu1*
1. National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center, Beijing 100125, China;
2. China Tea Industry Alliance, Beijing 100125, China;
3. Hunan Tea Industry Group Co., Ltd., Changsha 410126, China;
4. Chinese Tea People Association, Beijing 100020, China
Abstract: The development of China's tea industry in terms of scale, processing structure, consumer trade, industrial
benefits, cultural development, brand building, green production, integrated development, legal and technological
support during the "13th Five-Year Plan" period were reviewed. The main problems of the tea industry were analyzed
and countermeasures and suggestions were put forward for the reference during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period.
Keywords: tea industry, the 13th Five-Year Plan, development, the 14th Five-Year Plan, prospect
茶产业是过去我国脱贫攻坚的重要支柱产业,也是被寄予厚望的乡村振兴支柱产业。茶产业持续高质量发展既是满足人民美好生活需要的必然要求,也是加快农业农村现代化建设的重要内容,意义重大。本文总结了“十三五”期间我国茶产业发展在规模布局、加工结构、消费贸易、增收增效、文化发展、品牌建设、绿色生产、融合发展、政策法规和科技支撑等方面的突出亮点,分析了存在的主要问题,对“十四五”茶产业发展进行展望并提出了对策建议。
一、“十三五”我国茶产业发展回顾
1. “十三五”我国茶产业发展现状
(1)生产规模持续扩大,布局重心继续西移
“十三五”期间,我国仍是世界第一大茶叶生产国,生产规模再创历史新高,但规模增长逐渐趋缓,增幅远低于“十二五”。茶园面积从2015年264.1万hm2增至2020年321.6万hm2,增长了约21.8%;干毛茶年产量从228万t增至293万t,增长约28.5%。
除江苏、河南茶园面积基本稳定外,其余各产茶省茶园面积均实现增长,其中有10省(区、市)增长30%以上,主产省中广东、湖南、湖北、陕西、广西分别增长50%、38%、37%、36%、34%。分区域看,我国中部5省茶园面积增长26%,西部8省(区、市)增长23%,东部6省增长12%,布局重心继续西移,中西部地区茶园面积占全国的比重提高1.5个百分点,达到82%。……
