黄益　马军翔　金曦　潘小鹏　郑今欢

摘 要：结合当前聚氨酯仿皮涂层市场需求与前景，以及仿皮涂层产业对环保型涂层加工技术的迫切需求，介绍了水性聚氨酯涂层、聚氨酯热熔胶涂层和光固化聚氨酯涂层三类环保型聚氨酯涂层加工技术，阐述了三类环保型聚氨酯涂层的优势以及特点，并从涂层耐水性、耐溶剂性、力学性能等的提升和改进方面综述了现有改性方法。环保型聚氨酯涂层加工技术的发展与应用，有利于仿皮涂层绿色制造体系的构建和行业的可持续发展。

关键词：仿皮涂层;水性聚氨酯;聚氨酯热熔胶;光固化聚氨酯;改性方法

中图分类号：TQ316.6

文献标志码：A

文章编号：1009-265X（2021）05-0116-13

Research Progress on Eco-friendly Polyurethane Artificial Leather Coating Materials

HUANG Yi1，2， MA Junxiang1， JIN Xi3， PAN Xiaopeng1， ZHENG Jinhuan1

（1.Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles， Ministry of Education， ZhejiangSci-Tech University， Hangzhou 310018， China;

2.Key Laboratory of Clean Dyeing and Finishing Technologyof Zhejiang Province， Shaoxing 312000， China;

3.Zhejiang Piyi Textile Co.， Ltd.， Haining 314400， China）

Abstract： Considering the current market demand and prospects of polyurethane artificial leather coatings， and the urgent needs of the artificial leather coating industry for eco-friendly coating processing technology， three types of eco-friendly polyurethane coating processing technologies， i.e.， waterborne polyurethane coating， polyurethane hot-melt adhesive coating and light-cured polyurethane coatings were presented. The advantages and characteristics of three types of eco-friendly polyurethane coatings were explained， and the existing modification methods were summarized from the aspects of the promotion and improvement of the water resistance， solvent resistance， mechanical properties， etc. of coatings. The development and application of eco-friendly polyurethane coating processing technology is conducive to the establishment of a green manufacturing system of artificial leather coatings and the sustainable development of the industry.

Key words： artificial leather coating; waterborne polyurethane; polyurethane hot-melt adhesive; light-cured polyurethane; modification methods

天然皮革因其獨特的风格、优异的耐磨性和舒适性深受消费者喜爱，已广泛应用于服饰、箱包、家居等。20世纪初，随着消费市场对天然皮革需求的不断增加，天然皮革原料供不应求，已无法满足消费市场的巨大需求。20世纪30年代，仿皮面料的开发与应用逐渐市场化[1]，其通过模拟天然皮革的组织构造和使用性能，以纺织布模拟皮革的网状层，以微孔高分子涂层模拟皮革的粒面层，获得了具有良好皮质风格和应用性能的仿皮涂层复合面料[2-3]。

聚氨酯，即聚氨基甲酸酯（PU），通常由异氰酸酯与含有两个或多个活泼氢化合物通过逐步聚合反应聚合而成[4]，其结构通式如图1所示。由于其氨基甲酸酯（—NHCOO—）结构能在高分子链间形成氢键，并通过软段与硬段间的微相分离作用，使聚氨酯固化膜具有良好的耐磨性和柔韧性，已成为当前仿皮面料中首选的高分子涂层材料。……