针刺治疗失眠的临床研究评价指标选择与分析
2021-09-18李维凤郭静
李维凤 郭静
摘要 失眠发病率日益增高,严重损害患者的社会功能。失眠发病机制及临床表现复杂,而针刺疗法作为有效治疗途径,可从睡眠、觉醒、情绪、认知等多个层面进行调节,因此,评价指标的选择成为影响临床试验科学性的重要环节。通过分析近10年相关文献,从临床神经行为学、电生理、生化指标、功能磁共振等方面对临床评价指标进行分析,以期为针刺治疗失眠的临床设计提供参考。
关键词 针刺;失眠;临床评价;指标;神经行为学;电生理;生化;功能磁共振
Selection and Analysis of Clinical Evaluation Indicators of Acupuncture in the Treatment of Insomnia Disorder
LI Weifeng1,2,GUO Jing1,3
(1 Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion,Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100011,China; 2 Clinical Medical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China; 3 Beijing Key Laboratory of Nerve Regulation of Acupuncture and Moxibustion,Beijing 100011,China)
Abstract With the increasing incidence rate,insomnia disorder seriously damages the social function of patients.Its pathogenesis and clinical manifestations are complex.As an effective treatment,acupuncture has function of regulating sleep,awakening,emotion and cognition function.Therefore,the selection of evaluation indicators has become an important link affecting the scientificity of clinical trials.By analyzing the relevant literature in the past 10 years,this paper analyzes the clinical evaluation indexes from the aspects of clinical neurobehavioral,electrophysiological,biochemical indexes and functional magnetic resonance,in order to provide reference for the clinical design of acupuncture treatment of insomnia disorder.
Keywords Acupuncture,Insomnia disorder; Clinical evaluation; Indicators; Neuroethology; Electrophysiology; Biochemistry; Functional magnetic resonance imaging
中圖分类号:R245文献标识码:Adoi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2021.16.024
失眠(Insomnia)已成为最常见的睡眠障碍性疾患,表现为睡眠障碍、负性情绪、日间认知功能损害等复杂临床特点,并影响机体代谢[1]。相对抗失眠药物,针灸治疗无成瘾性,可从多个层面改善失眠患者状态。临床试验设计中应选择适宜的评价指标,多角度对试验结果进行分析,方可全面准确地揭示针刺效应及机制。
1 临床神经行为学评估
针刺是治疗失眠的有效途径,可提高睡眠质量,降低过度觉醒,改善日间功能状态,全面调节失眠患者状态[2-5]。临床试验中,量表是主要的疗效评价工具,但目前尚无可以全面阐明针刺临床效应的量表,需多个量表互为补充。常用量表如下。
1.1 睡眠质量的评估
1.1.1 匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index,PSQI) PSQI是针灸治疗失眠临床研究中作为主要指标的最常用评价工具,用于主观评估近1个月的睡眠质量,24项条目构成睡眠质量、入睡时间、睡眠时间、睡眠效率、睡眠障碍、日间功能障碍、催眠药物7项评分项,着重评定睡眠过程[6]。……
