樊小雪 凌丹丹 徐刚 高文瑞 孙艳军 韩冰

摘要： 采用发光二极管（LED）调制光源，在白光背景下添加不同的光照，以白光为对照，研究不同光照下矮化番茄果实产量、果实品质和糖类物质含量的变化，旨在探明不同LED光照对番茄果实产量和品质的影响。结果表明，在白光背景下添加红光、蓝光和红蓝组合光后，番茄结果时间显著提前。番茄果实横径和纵径在不同光照处理间无显著性差异。白光对照单果质量最大，白光+红光+蓝光处理果实数量最多。白光+红光+蓝光处理果实中可溶性固形物、糖酸比和番茄红素含量均最高，与白光对照相比分别提高19.68%、43.80%和42.49%。白光对照果实维生素C含量最高。由此可见，红光和蓝光是影响番茄果实品质的主要光照。

关键词： 番茄;LED光照;果实品质;糖类物质

中图分类号： S641.2   文献标识码： A   文章编号： 1000-4440（2021）04-0944-05

Effects of different LED light on fruit quality and sugar content of tomato

FAN Xiao-xue1， LING Dan-dan2， XU Gang1， GAO Wen-rui1， SUN Yan-jun1， HAN Bing1

（1.Institute of Vegetable Crops， Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement， Nanjing 210014， China;2.College of Agronomy， Nanjing Agricultural University， Nanjing 210095， China）

Abstract： In this study， light emitting diode （LED） was used to modulate the light source， and different light was added under white light background. Using white light as control， the changes of yield， quality and sugar content of dwarf tomato fruits under different lighting conditions were studied to investigate the effects of different LED light on the yield and quality of tomato fruits.  The results showed that the fruiting time of tomato was significantly advanced after adding red light， blue light and combination of red and blue light under white light background. There was no significant difference in the transverse diameters and longitudinal diameters of tomato fruits under different lighting conditions. The single fruit weight was highest under white light treatment. And the number of fruit was the highest under the combination of white， red and blue light. Under the combination of white， red and blue light， the soluble solid content， ratio of sugar to acid and lycopene content in fruits were highest， and increased by 19.68%， 43.80% and 42.49% compared with the control respectively. The content of vitamin C was the highest under white light treatment. In conclusion， red light and blue light were the main light affecting the fruit quality of tomato.

Key words： tomato;LED light source;fruit quality;sugar

光是植物進行光合作用的能量来源，也是植物生长发育的信号因子[1]。番茄（Lycopersicon esculentum var. cerasiforme）是茄科番茄属的一个变种，是目前我国设施栽培的主要蔬菜品种之一，栽培面积位居首位[2]。在设施番茄生产中，由于设施本身遮阴及植株冠层遮阴等原因，番茄植株不同层次的叶片受光量差距很大，特别是下层叶片受光量受到较大影响[3]。因此光照是限制设施番茄增产的主要环境因素之一[4]。发光二极管（LED）具有低成本、低能耗、低辐射热和光谱可调控的优点，是能够提高作物产量和质量的辅助照明工具。通过光调控对蔬菜作物进行高效栽培，这项技术得到越来越多的认可[5]。……