范博智

[摘    要]目前国内大多数堆放待发酵物料及清理腐熟物料的方式为用装载机逐次将其添加到槽体内或将熟料铲出至槽体外，其效率低，堆体参差不齐，松散度不一，不利于好氧发酵过程，产出物质量差，且不能适用于日处理量较大的工况。文章设计了一种进出料机，其提高了“槽式好氧堆肥发酵工艺”的效率，降低了成本。出料机由抓料体，行走机构，升降机构，液压动力系统等部分组成。良好地解决了将物料均匀、等高、定量地堆放至槽体内的问题，并对进出料的前后工序进行了更高效的衔接。

[关键词]进出料机;槽式;抓斗;好氧发酵;堆肥

[中图分类号]S216.4 [文献标志码]A [文章编号]2095–6487（2021）07–00–02

The Design of Trough Type Aerobic Fermentation Feeder and Discharger

Fan Bo-zhi

[Abstract]At present， most domestic methods for stacking materials to be fermented and cleaning decomposed materials are adding them to the tank body or scooping clinker out of the tank body with a loader. The efficiency is low， the stack body is uneven， and the degree of looseness is not uniform. First， it is not conducive to the aerobic fermentation process， the quality of the output is poor， and it is not suitable for working conditions with a large daily processing capacity. The article designs a feeder and discharger， which improves the efficiency of the "trough aerobic composting fermentation process" and reduces the cost. It is composed of grabbing body， walking mechanism， lifting mechanism， hydraulic power system and other parts. It well solves the problem of stacking materials in the tank in a uniform， equal height and quantitative manner， and makes a more efficient connection between the before and after processes of feeding and discharging.

[Keywords]feeder and discharger; trough type; grab; aerobic fermentation; composting

槽式好氧堆肥主要工藝路线是在槽体内均匀堆放混合后的固废（主要是市政污泥）和辅料（锯末等颗粒物），并定期对堆体注入大量空气，在氧气的作用下（即好氧发酵）去除了有害物，实现了无害化的发酵过程，最终产物为可用于农业、园林绿化的营养土，既解决了市政污泥的无害化处理问题又创造了经济效益。在混合物料堆放至槽体及发酵完成后物料清除出槽体的过程中，就需要本文涉及到的进出料一体机设备。其主要功能是将混合物料快速地，均匀地，定量地布置到槽体内，从而保证物料能均匀地曝气（即注入大量空气）发酵。

1 行业概述

中国工程院院士侯立安指出：“城市污水处理的衍生品，市政污泥年总产量已超4000万t，有80%以上没有妥善处理。”污泥无害化处置任重道远。……