吴迪 邢少博 祝旭加 卢泰羽 孙岳胤

摘 要 通过对10个种源沙松（Abies holophylla）苗期高生长量的连续观测，并用Logistic方程对其生长动态过程进行拟合，获得苗高物候期与生长特征参数。结果表明：10个种源的沙松苗高生长节律基本一致，但各种源的速生期起止时间和持续时间存在差异，其中不同种源间线性生长始期最多相差5 d，线性生长末期最多相差7 d，线性生长期持续时间最多相差9 d。线性生长量占总生长量的55%以上，该时期为幼苗生长的关键期，应在线性生长期内做好除草、施肥、病虫害防治等管理工作，促进苗期苗高的生长。

关键词 沙松;纸浆用材;苗期生长节律;物候期参数;生长参数

中图分类号：S722.7       文献标识码：A   doi：10.13601/j.issn.1005-5215.2021.02.014

Abstract Through continuous observation of seedling height growth of 10 provenances of Abies holophylla，and using Logistic equation to fit its growth dynamic process，the seedling height phenology period and growth characteristic parameters were obtained. Result shows that the height growth rhythm of the ten provenances of Abies holophylla seedlings is basically the same. However，there are differences in the start and end time and duration of the fast-growing period of various sources. Among them，the difference between different species in the linear growth period is at most five days，the linear growth period is at most seven days，and the linear growth period is at most nine days. Linear growth accounts for more than 55% of the total growth. This period is the critical period for seedling growth. Weeding，fertilization，pest control and other management work should be done during the linear growth period to promote the growth of seedling height.

Key words Abies holophylla;pulp material;seedling growth rhythm;phenological parameters;growth parameters

沙松（Abies holophylla），松科，冷杉屬植物，是我国东北地区树种中生长最高大的常绿乔木之一。主要分布在以长白山为中心的低海拔地域，适宜在黑龙江省东部地区栽培。黑龙江省的东京城、绥阳、大海林、海林、柴河、苇河、林口、勃利林业局等地区有大面积人工林。其为半阴性树种，生长迅速，干形通直圆满，材质轻软，纹理直，木材纤维较长，病虫害极少，且单位面积产量高，作为纸浆用材树种，其综合指标是落叶松、杨树等其他纸浆用材树种所无法比拟的，是生产高级纸制品的优良原料[1-3]。

1 材料与方法

1.1 试验地概况

沙松纸浆用材育苗试验地点设在黑龙江省林口青山种子园。该园位于黑龙江省东南部，地理位置为130°20′—130°40′ E，45°17′—45°30′ N。属长白山系，张广才岭东坡，地形以浅山区丘陵地貌为主;海拔300～500 m。……