吕梁山南部高天山典型林分土壤化学性质分析及养分分级
2021-09-12赵育鹏奥小平武秀娟
赵育鹏 奥小平 武秀娟



摘 要 为后期平衡施肥、改善土壤质量提供有针对性的参考,以吕梁山南部高天山地区分布的典型林分土壤为研究对象,通过测定土壤主要化学性质,对其养分状况进行分析,并对土壤养分含量进行分级。结果显示:该区域内土壤呈弱碱性或碱性;有机质含量较高,能够满足植物生长所需;整体缺乏磷肥,油松林地普遍缺乏氮肥,部分林地缺乏速效钾。
关键词 吕梁山南部;土壤化学性质;养分分级
中图分类号:S714.8 文献标识码:A doi:10.13601/j.issn.1005-5215.2021.02.002
Abstract To provide a targeted reference for balanced fertilization and improvement of soil quality in the later stage,taking the typical forest stand soil distributed in the Gaotian Mountain area in the southern of Lyuliang Mountain as the research object,by determining the main chemical properties of the soil,its nutrient status were analyzed,and the soil nutrients were analyzed. The content was classified. Result shows that the soil in this area is weakly alkaline or alkaline;the organic matter content is high,which can meet the needs of plant growth;the overall lack of phosphate fertilizer,Pinus tabulaeformis forest land generally lacks nitrogen fertilizer,and some forest land lacks available potassium.
Key words southern Lyuliang Mountain;soil chemical properties;nutrient classification
土壤是森林生长发育的重要载体,供给林木生长所需的各种养分,同时森林对土壤也有着重要影响,森林以凋落物的形式向土壤归还大量的有机质,从而影响土壤的肥力。土壤质量直接影响林木生长状况及森林质量[1]。反映土壤质量的化学指标主要有pH,有机质和氮、磷、钾含量等,这些指标能很好地反映土壤的肥沃程度,且容易调查和测定[2]。本研究在野外调查的基础上,以吕梁山南部高天山地区分布的典型林分为研究对象,测定土壤主要化学性质,分析该区域土壤养分状况,并对土壤养分含量进行分级,旨在为后期平衡施肥、改善土壤质量提供有针对性的参考。
1 研究区概况
研究区位于吕梁山南部的高天山,属于吕梁山国有林管理局台头林场管辖范围,地理位置110°48′—111°18′ E,35°52′—36°09′ N,南北长32 km,东西宽22.5 km。境内地势北高南低,东高西低,海拔631~1 702 m,土壤主要为褐土。境内年均降水量550 mm,年均气温8~10 ℃,日均温≥10 ℃的年积温为3 000~3 500 ℃,年日照约2 700 h,无霜期150 d。……
