Questions & Answers
2021-09-10赵杨答
赵杨答
【问】 在They married young. 这句话中,young应该怎么理解?请老师帮忙解答一下。
(湖北武汉_董_杰)
【答】 从表面上看,young似乎是修饰谓语married的。但实际上,它是修饰主语they的。有些语言学家把这里的young称作主语补语。再如:
He came drunk. 他醉醺醺地回来了。
可以充当此类主语补语的除形容词外,还有名词短语。例如:
He died a hero. 他壮烈牺牲。
Two years later he returned a learned man.两年以后他回来时已是一位学者了。
She died a widow. 她死的时候是个寡妇。
【问】 请问more than都有什么用法?
(河南安阳_刘_阳)
【答】 (1) “more than + 数词”表示“……以上;多于……;……有余”。例如:
More than 100 chemical elements are known to man; of these, about 80 are metal. 人类已知的化学元素有一百种以上,其中约有八十种是金属。
(2) “more than +名词(名词从句或起名词作用的动词不定式)”一般可以译作“不只;不仅;超过;远不止;不同于”等。例如:
We must consider more than the beginning of the motion, however. 然而,我们必须考虑的不只是运动的初始阶段。
Peace is much more than the absence of war. 和平不仅仅是意味着没有战争。
Mathematics, much more than technology, has a life of its own independent of science. 数学与技术不同,它本身有一段不依赖于科学的历史。
(3) “more than + 动词”一般可译作“十分;大大地;远远地;深为;岂止是”等。例如:
I am sure conditions over there will more than satisfy your requirements. 我相信,那边的条件会大大地满足你的要求。
He more than smiled, he laughed outright. 他岂止是微笑,他简直是大笑了。
(4) “more than + 形容词或副词”在语义上表示很高的程度,常常可以译作“非常;十分;更加”等。例如:
He is more than selfish. 他非常自私。
She was more than old-fashioned, she was antediluvian. 她不单是守旧,她简直就是个老古董。
【问】 —Are you done with the book I gave you? —Not quite. I’ve read all but the last chapter. 句中的are you done with 应该怎么理解?句中的主语不就是动作的发出者吗,为什么要用被动语态呢?
(山东青岛 刘 莹)
【答】 在一般的句子里,be done with 的主语是动作的承受者。例如:
She interrupted him before his speech was done. 他尚未结束发言,她就打断了他。
He arrived after dinner was done. 饭做好后他才到。
英语中还有一个have done(with) 结构,在这个结构中,动词的主语也是动作的发出者。例如:
When you have done, come back! 你干完了就回来!
