王宇

1. annual [̍ænjuəl]

❶ adj. 每年的;按年度计算的

But at the annual party conference he always made the right noises. 但在每年政党会议上，他总是随声附和。

What’s the total amount of your annual sales？ 你们每年的总销量是多少？

❷ n. 年刊;年鉴;一年生植物

His essay is copied from a college annual. 他的论文是从一本大学年刊上抄下来的。

Many garden plants are annuals. 许多观赏植物都是一年生的。

【试题链接】

What is the average ___ snowfall for this state？

Key： annual

2. witness [̍wItnIs]

❶ vt. 当场见到;目击

I witnessed the traffic accident. 我目睹了那起交通事故。

The girl had no word for the sights she had witnessed. 这女孩无法形容她所目击的景象。

❷ vt. 为……作证;作证;证明

My wife will witness that I was at home all evening. 我妻子将会证明我整晚都呆在家里。

❸ n. [C] 目击者;见证人

I was a witness to their quarrel. 我是他们吵架时的目击者。

❹ n. [U， C] 证据;证言

She was punished for giving false witness. 她因作伪证受到惩处。

易混辨析

witness， look， see， watch与observe

这些动词均有“看”之意。witness指当场看见，亲眼目睹;look侧重指“看”的动作;see指看见;watch指用眼睛跟随某物，以便对每一个变化、运动等进行观察;observe侧重以客观的态度进行观察。

【试题链接】

Police have appealed for anyone who

___ the incident to contact them.

Key： witnessed

3. pause [pɔ：z]

? vi. 暂停;中止;踌躇

He had to pause to clear his throat. 他不得不停顿一下清清嗓子。

❷ n. [C] 暂停;中止

When we read the text， we should pay attention to sentence stress， pause and liaison. 读课文的时候，大家要注意句子的重音、停顿和连读现象。

❸ n. [U] 踌躇

Our advice gave pause to him. 我们的建议使他踌躇。

易混辨析

pause， break， rest与stop

这些名词均含有“中止;停止;休息”之意。pause指短暂的中断或停止，含有会再进行下去的意味;break是非正式用词，指突然的或短时间的中止，如工作或活动期间的短暂休息;rest指统称的休息;stop是普通用词，指迅速或突然中止某行为、活动或状态。

【试题链接】

Here the speaker ___ to have a drink.

Key： paused

5. urge [ɜ：dʒ]

❶ n. [C] 强烈的欲望，迫切的要求，冲动

He no longer has the urge to write letters to anybody. 他再也没有想要给任何人写信的欲望了。

I never felt an urge to learn any sign language before. 我以前从未有过想学手语的冲动。

❷ vt. 催促;极力主张;驱策

It was already rather late， thus we decide to urge the customer. 已经相当晚了，所以我们决定催促客户。

She urged him to try the soup. 她力劝他去试试这个汤。

❸ vt. 极力主张;强烈要求

He urged all concerned to take an active part in the work. 他要求有关人员都积极参加这项工作。

❹ vt. 推进;驱策

Sometimes riders urge their horses on with whips. 骑手有时用鞭子策马前进。