“封闭场所”含氧量报警值低一点点,算不算合规?
2021-09-08中远海运能源股份有限公司尤金灼
中远海运能源股份有限公司 尤金灼
近来有外部检查人员对船用测氧仪的含氧量报警值为19.5%提出异议,认为该设定值偏低,与公司体系文件规定的“封闭场所进入许可证氧气含量范围为20%-21%不符。
要理清该问题,需要对下列几个问题做系统性考虑:
1、“进入”封闭场所的安全值应是多少?
2、在封闭场所工作时,许可的安全范围应是多少?在什么情况下应该发出报警,能让场所内的工作人员及时撤离?
3、公司体系文件应如何规定才是合理的?
分析意见
一、ISGOTT要求进入封闭场所的含氧量是多少?
2020年出版的国际油轮油码头安全指南第六版(ISGOTT6),已经将第五版中不可获取及用于实际操作的含氧量 “达到21%”内容作了修订,在ISGOTT6有关含氧量要求描述如下。
Throughout this guide the percentage of oxygen in air is referred to as 21%. However,due to atmosphere characteristics and variation, the percentage of oxygen in air falls several hundredths of a percent below this figure, variously quoted as being between 20.80% and 20.95%.
在本指南中,贯穿全文引用的空气中氧气百分比都是21%,然而由于大气的特性和变化,空气中氧气的百分比会下降几个百分点而低于这个数字,这样在引用时会出现20.80%和20.95%几个不同数值。
Modern instrumentation with digital indicators can measure so accurately that the full 21% may be impossible to obtain.If an instrument capable of such accuracy is in use, the manufacturer’s instructions should be carefully read and understood so that the readings can be properly interpreted.
带有电子数字指示器的现代仪器可以精确测量(含氧量),以至可能无法完全达到21%。如果使用的仪器具有这种精度,则应仔细阅读和理解制造商的说明,以便正确解释读数。
The nominal oxygen level in fresh air is 20.9% by volume(local atmospheric variations mean this reading may be impossible to obtain in practice,and modern digital instruments may put it between 20.80% and 20.95%). Any space with an atmosphere less than this should not be entered until the reason has been found and corrective measures that are shown to be effective have been taken.
新鲜空气中的标称含氧量以体积计为20.9%(局部大气变化意味着在实践中可能无法获得该读数,现代电子数字仪器可将其置于20.80%和20.95%之间)。在有空气的任何空间,假如含氧量低于此值时【此处应指20.9—作者注】,在未找到原因并采取证明有效的纠正措施之前不得进入。……
