高排放标准下我国城镇污水厂A2/O工艺升级改造研究进展
2021-09-05韦政杨燕梅翁蕊何岩黄民生
韦政 杨燕梅 翁蕊 何岩 黄民生



摘要: 以“十一五”和“十二五”期间的A2/O升级改造技术成果为基础, 结合当前运行良好且具有代表性的改良A2/O工艺, 从原位优化改造和深度处理等方面总结了高排放标准下城镇污水厂A2/O工艺升级改造的技术对策. 介绍了具有代表性的A2/O升级改造示范工程的运行情况, 并对A2/O工艺的优化和推广使用提供建议.
关键词: 高排放标准; 城镇污水厂; A2/O; 升级改造; 工程示范
中图分类号: X522 文献标志码: A DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2021.04.007
A review of the upgrading technology for the A2/O process of municipal wastewater treatment plants under high discharge standards in China
WEI Zheng1,2,3,4, YANG Yanmei1,2,3,4, WENG Rui1,2,3,4, HE Yan1,2,3,4, HUANG Minsheng1,2,3,4
(1. Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; 2. Institute of EcoChongming, Shanghai 202162, China; 3. Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, Shanghai 200041, China; 4. Technology Innvation Center for Land Spatial EcoRestoration in Metropolitan Area(Ministry of Natural Resources), Shanghai 200062, China)
Abstract: This paper provides an overview of the technical achievements in A2/O upgrading during the 11th and 12th Five-Year Plans as well as the current successful operation of the improved A2/O process. We summarize the measures used for upgrading the A2/O process of municipal wastewater treatment plants under high discharge standards with respect to in-situ optimization and advanced treatment. Finally, we review the operating state of representative A2/O upgrade demonstration projects and offer suggestions for optimization and promotion of the A2/O process.
Keywords: high discharge standard; municipal wastewater treatment plant; A2/O; upgrading; demonstration project
0 引 言
城镇污水厂在水污染预防和水环境保护方面承担着重要角色, 也是城镇可持续发展中重要的组成部分[1]. 在2015年《水污染防治行动计划》和2019年《城镇污水处理提质增效三年行动方案(2019—2021年)》等一系列水环境政策实施的大背景下, 全国重点区域及流域均对污水处理提出了更高要求,高排放标准下许多城镇污水厂都面临着提标改造的现实需求. A2/O(厌氧—缺氧—好氧)工艺因其技术的成熟性和运行的稳定性而成为我国城镇污水厂的主流工艺[2-3]. 然而, 由于传统A2/O工艺存在碳源竞争、泥龄矛盾和回流污泥中硝酸盐及溶解氧(DO)残余对厭氧释磷的干扰, 特别是我国污水厂普遍存在进水低碳氮比(C/N)[4]、冬季低温硝化性能下降等问题, 致使传统A2/O工艺已经难以满足当前的高排放标准要求[5].
为了满足更加严格的排放标准, 削减污染物的排放, 国内外大多数污水厂都进行了升级改造. 国外污水厂升级改造工作开始得较早, 升级改造前的工艺多为传……