France 法国

Lower secondary education ends at 15 when pupils take a lower secondary leaving exam， the brevet， which comprises tests French， maths， history/geography and civics education together with continuous assessment from 13—15. After one year of upper secondary education， pupils can leave or continue their education. Those that stay on can choose from a range of baccalaureate， a technical brevet or vocational certificates.

初中教育在15岁结束，学生们需要参加初中毕业考试——初中毕业会考，其中包括法语、数学、历史/地理和公民教育，以及从13到15岁的连续评估。经过一年的高中教育后，学生可以选择离开或继续学业。那些留下来的学生可以在一系列文凭、技术证书或职业证书中进行选择。

Finland 芬兰

At age 18 to 19 students usually take the matriculation examination. This comprises at least four tests：

· mother tongue （compulsory）;

· three other compulsory tests from second national language， foreign language， maths， and one test from sciences or humanities;

· one or more optional tests.

18至19岁的学生通常需要参加大学入学考试，这至少包括四项考试：

· 母语（必修）;

· 其他三门必修考试，包括第二民族语言、外语、数学，以及一项科学或人文学科的考试;

· 一项或多项可选测试。

South Korea 韩国

No national examination on completion of lower secondary phase education. However， students may need to take an entrance exam at age 15+ for some upper secondary schools.

At age 18+， pupils receive either a High School Certificate or a Vocational High School Certificate. All students who wish to go to junior college after upper secondary school （high school） have to take the national College Scholastic Ability Test （CSAT）. CSAT involves written tests in subject domains： Korean， maths， English， social studies， science and vocational education （pupils choose 9 tests from a range of options）， and a second foreign language.

Higher education institutions announce annually their student admission criteria which include elements such as CSAT score， comprehensive high school records， institution-administered examinations， interviews， essays and recommendation letters.

完成初中階段教育后没有国家考试。然而，对于一些高中，15岁以上的学生可能需要参加入学考试。

18岁以上的学生会获得高中证书或职业高中证书。所有希望在高中毕业后进入大学的学生必须参加全国学院学术能力考试（CSAT）。CSAT包括以下学科领域的笔试：韩语、数学、英语、社会科学、科学和职业教育（学生从一系列选项中选择9门考试），以及第二外语。

高等教育机构每年都会公布他们的招生标准，其中包括CSAT成绩、综合高中成绩、院校管理的考试、面试、作文和推荐信等要素。

Japan 日本

No national assessment. Individual institutions arrange assessment at the end of lower secondary education （age 15） which may influence entry to senior high school although entry tests for these are often administered by municipal boards of education. Each local senior high school selects its own pupils under supervision of boards of education and in accordance with individual boards regulations. National and private upper secondary schools conduct their own entrance exams. Individual institutions issue a Certificate of Upper Secondary Education at age 18. This Certificate is just one of the requirements for entry to higher education.

日本没有全国性的评估考试。地方院校在学生初中教育结束时（15岁）会安排评估，这可能会影响其高中入学，尽管这些入学考试通常是由市教育委员会管理。每所地方高中在教育委员会的监督下，根据地方委员会的规定选择自己要录取的学生。国立和私立高中都有自己的入学考试。地方院校在学生18岁时颁发高中教育证书，但这一证书只是升学的条件之一。……