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白蛋白结合型紫杉醇治疗乳腺癌的快速卫生技术评估

2021-08-16江洁美王亚露杨春兰冯丽娟陈若男曹曦门鹏杨毅恒翟所迪夏泉

中国药房 2021年13期
关键词:经济性安全性乳腺癌

江洁美 王亚露 杨春兰 冯丽娟 陈若男 曹曦 门鹏 杨毅恒 翟所迪 夏泉

中图分类号 R969.3;R956 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2021)13-1611-06

DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2021.13.13

摘 要 目的:利用快速卫生技术评估(HTA)工具对白蛋白结合型紫杉醇(nab-PTX)治疗乳腺癌的有效性、安全性及经济性进行评估,为药物选择提供循证依据。方法:检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数据库及卫生技术评估网站,纳入nab-PTX治疗乳腺癌的系统评价/Meta分析、HTA和药物经济学研究,采用描述性分析对研究结论进行分类分析。结果:共纳入5篇系统评价/Meta分析、8篇药物经济学研究。与传统紫杉类药物相比,nab-PTX可提高新辅助化疗(NAC)的乳腺癌患者的病理完全缓解率(pCR)[OR=1.39,95%CI(1.16,1.67),P<0.001]和无事件生存期(EFS)[HR=0.69,95%CI(0.57,0.85),P<0.001];但两者在转移性乳腺癌(MBC)患者的总生存期(OS)、无进展生存期(PFS)、客观缓解率(ORR)和疾病控制率(DCR)上差异则无统计学意义。安全性方面,nab-PTX提高了MBC患者3~4级感觉神经毒性的发生率[OR=1.89,95%CI(1.36,2.61),P<0.001],增加了NAC的乳腺癌患者中性粒细胞减少发生率[OR=1.52,95%CI(1.23,1.88),P<0.001]、感觉神经毒性发生率[OR=2.17,95%CI(1.38,3.40),P<0.001]、皮疹发生率[OR=1.46,95%CI(1.18,1.80),P<0.001]以及疲劳发生率[OR=1.28,95%CI(1.04,1.56),P=0.02]。药物经济学研究显示,nab-PTX相对于传统紫杉类药物可提高MBC患者的质量调整生命年,更具有经济性。結论:nab-PTX可提高NAC的乳腺癌患者的pCR,但在MBC的有效性上并无显著优势,且不良反应更为多见;采用nab-PTX治疗MBC比传统紫杉类药物可能更具成本-效用优势。

关键词 白蛋白结合型紫杉醇;乳腺癌;快速卫生技术评估;有效性;安全性;经济性

Rapid Health Technology Assessment of Albumin-bound Paclitaxel in the Treatment of Breast Cancer

JIANG Jiemei1,2,WANG Yalu3,YANG Chunlan1,FENG Lijuan1,CHEN Ruonan1,CAO Xi1,MEN Peng4,5,YANG Yiheng4,5,ZHAI Suodi4,5,XIA Quan1,2(1. Dept. of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; 2. Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230022, China; 3. School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; 4. Dept. of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China;5. Center for Drug Evaluation, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China)

ABSTRACT   OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness,safety and economy of albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-PTX) in the treatment of breast cancer by using rapid health technology assessment (HTA),and to provide evidence-based reference for drug selection. METHODS:Retrieved from PubMed, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wangfang database and other databases, systematic evaluation/Meta-analysis, HTA and pharmacoeconomic studies about nab-PTX in the treatment of breast cancer were included; the conclusions were classified and analyzed by using descriptive analysis. RESULTS: A total of 5 systematic reviews/Meta-analysis,  8 pharmacoeconomic studies were included in this study. Compared with conventional taxanes,nab-PTX increased pathological complete response (pCR) rate [OR=1.39,95%CI(1.16,1.67),P<0.001] and event-free survival (EFS) [HR=0.69,95%CI(0.57,0.85),P<0.001] in neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC)-treated breast cancer patients. However,there were no significant differences in overall survival (OS),progression-free survival (PFS),objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients between 2 groups. In the terms of safety, nab-PTX increased the incidence of grade 3-4 sensory neuropathy [OR=1.89,95%CI(1.36,2.61),P<0.001] in MBC patients,and increased the incidence of neutropenia [OR=1.52,95%CI(1.23,1.88,P<0.001],sensory neuropathy [OR=2.17,95%CI(1.38,3.40),P<0.001],rash [OR=1.46,95%CI(1.18,1.80),P<0.001] and fatigue [OR=1.28,95%CI(1.04,1.56),P=0.02] in NAC-treated breast cancer patients. Pharmacoeconomic studies showed that nab-PTX could improve the quality adjusted life years of MBC patients compared with traditional taxanes,and it was a economical option. CONCLUSIONS:Nab-PTX enhances pCR in NAC-treated breast cancer patients, but has no significant advantage in the effectiveness of MBC patients, and increases the occurrence of ADR. Nab-PTX may have a cost-utility advantage over conventional taxanes for MBC.

KEYWORDS   Albumin-bound paclitaxel; Breast cancer; Rapid health technology assessment; Effectiveness; Safety; Economics

乳腺癌是女性常见的恶性肿瘤之一,严重影响着女性的健康。根据国际癌症研究机构发布的数据显示,2018年全球乳腺癌发病病例约为208.9万例,死亡病例约为62.7万例,分别占女性恶性肿瘤发病和死亡例数的24.2%、15.0%,发病率居女性恶性肿瘤首位[1]。目前,临床上乳腺癌的治疗采取的是以手术、化疗、放疗、内分泌治疗及靶向治疗为主的综合治疗,其中化疗仍是主要治疗手段之一。紫杉类药物是治疗乳腺癌的重要基础化疗药物,国内外临床指南均推荐紫杉醇作为乳腺癌的一线治疗药物。但由于紫杉醇水溶性差,需要聚氧乙烯蓖麻油作为助溶剂,而这样会增加过敏反应的发生率,故临床应用前需要进行预处理。白蛋白结合型紫杉醇(nab-PTX)采用了纳米微粒白蛋白为载体,解决了紫杉醇水溶性差的问题,使用前不需要进行抗过敏预处理,且可在肿瘤局部达到更高的药物浓度[2]。……

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