“过进”有难点破解有妙招
2021-08-13郑亚
郑亚
过去进行时态是我们英语考试中经常考到的一个重要时态。对动词的延续性与非延续性,以及从属连词when与while的选择,都是比较困难的要点。要破解这些难点,请同学们从以下四招着手。
一、过去进行时的意义
过去进行时是表示在过去某一具体时刻正在进行着的动作,强调某一动作在过去某时正在进行。
Mr. Green was washing his car at nine oclock yesterday morning. 昨天早上九点格林先生在洗他的小汽车。
I was washing my clothes at eight last night. 昨晚八点我正在洗我的衣服。
I was cooking from five to six last night. 昨晚5点到6点我在做饭。
I was reading books all day yesterday. 昨天一整天我都在图书馆读书。
二、过去进行时的构成
过去进行时的谓语部分由“was / were+现在分词”构成,was / were作助动词。过去进行时的肯定句变为一般疑问句时,将was / were提到句首;变否定句时在was / were后加上not,可以缩写为wasnt / werent。
The alien was visiting the museum at that moment. 当时外星人正在参观博物馆。
Was the alien visiting the museum at that moment? (一般疑问句)
Yes, he was. / No, he wasnt. (肯定和否定回答)
The alien wasnt visiting the museum at that moment. (否定句)
What was the alien doing at that moment?(特殊疑问句)
三、过去进行时的判断
1. 一般句中用到表示具体动作且为可延续性的动词,同时句中用到表示在过去某一具体范围的时间状语,如at ten oclock last night, at this time yesterday, at that time, from 7 to 9 last Sunday morning等时,用过去进行时。
The young pioneers were planting trees on a hill at six oclock yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午六点,那些少先队员在山上植树。
I was staying here from July to September last year. 去年从七月到九月,我一直待在这里。
2. 在叙述过去差不多同时发生的两个动作,用到从属连词when或while时,如果一个动作是可延续性的表具体动作的动词,而另一个动作是不可延续性的动词时,一般可延续的动词用过去进行时,而不可延续的动词用一般过去时。
While the child was playing basketball on the road, a car hit him. 當那个孩子在路上打篮球时,一辆小汽车撞了他。
请比较:
① When the thief came in, I was sleeping.
② The thief came in when I was sleeping.
③ While I was sleeping, the thief came in.
从以上三个句子中我们可以发现:when 后可跟延续性动词,也可跟非延续性动词;while之后只可跟延续性动词。……
