解胜男 范志勇 付秋娟 韩晓 蒯雁 宗鹏 王德勋 杜咏梅

摘 要：烟草花序富含西柏三烯二醇（CBT-diols）、蔗糖酯（SE）等腺毛分泌成分。为明确发育时期和植烟海拔对烟花腺毛分泌成分的影响，本研究以云南大理红花大金元花序为研究材料，应用液相色谱仪、气质联用仪分别测定其烟花中的CBT-diols、SE，研究了CBT-diols、SE积累量随发育时期及植烟海拔的变化。结果表明：（1）随烟花发育时期推进，烟花花朵及烟草花序中CBT-diols、SE积累量均呈持续增加趋势，盛花期烟草花序CBT-diols、SE积累量最高。（2）随植烟海拔升高，烟草花序生物产量呈显著降低趋势，而烟花花朵CBT-diols、SE的积累量则均有显著升高的趋势;高海拔（2227 m）产地烟草花序SE积累量最高，而CBT-diols积累量却显著低于中高海拔产地（1938 m、1740 m）。（3）烟花发育时期及植烟海拔对CBT-diols、SE积累量的比值均有显著影响，烟花发育初期和高海拔条件下，二者比值较低。本研究为高附加值利用红花大金元烟花腺毛分泌成分提供了研究基础。

关键词：烟花;西柏三烯二醇;蔗糖酯;发育时期;植烟海拔

Abstract： Cembratrien-diols （CBT-diols） and sucrose esters （SE） are abundant in the glandular trichome secretion of Hongda tabacco flowers. To ascertain the effects of developmental stage and tobacco planting altitude on the glandular trichome secretion in tobacco flowers， Honghuadajinyuan tabacco flowers from Dali were selected to determine CBT-diols and SE by ultra-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography mass spectrometry. The results showed that： （1） With the progression of developmental stages， the accumulation of CBT-diols and SE in individual flower and inflorescence increased continuously， and the accumulation in inflorescence reached the highest level at full bloom stage. （2） With the increase of planting altitude， the biological yield of inflorescence evidently decreased， but the CBT-diols and SE levels in individual flower appeared to be increased; the SE level in inflorescence was the highest at high planting altitude （2227 m）， yet the level of CBT-diols was significantly lower than that at middle-high planting altitude （1938 m， 1740 m）. （3） The ratio of CBT-diols and SE accumulation was significantly influenced by planting altitude and developmental stage， which was the lowest at early tobacco flower development and high planting altitude. The results from this study provide a basis for the utilization of the waste resources of Hongda tabacco flowers with high added value.

Keywords： tobacco inflorescence; CBT-diols; SE; developmental stage; altitude

煙草花器官及叶片、茎表面均密被腺毛，西柏三烯二醇（cembratrien-diols， CBT-diols）及蔗糖酯类（sucrose esters， SE）化合物是烤烟腺毛分泌物的主要成分，其中西柏三烯二醇含量最为丰富，占腺毛分泌成分的60%以上[1-3]。烟草西柏三烯二醇及蔗糖酯类化合物是卷烟香气的重要前体物质[4]，西柏三烯二醇还具有抑菌、抗虫、神经保护、抗肿瘤等生物活性[5-6]。因此，烟草腺毛分泌物在卷烟本香香料、植物源农药、医药等方面均具有较好开发价值。据报道[4]，烟草花朵萼片腺毛分泌物量大于叶片。……