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基于有向图和故障树的城市轨道交通故障延误传播机理的研究

2021-08-09万苏丁小兵刘志钢杨恺鹤陈家萍

智能计算机与应用 2021年3期

万苏 丁小兵 刘志钢 杨恺鹤 陈家萍

摘 要: 城市轨道交通系统站点之间相互影响,若列车在某一站点产生初始延误,该延误的影响会向周边列车或站点传递,产生严重后果。本文首先基于图论理论,建立站点分层重构的有向图延误模型,综合考虑了节点的连通作用,对节点的重要度排序,然后结合故障树分析法对发生故障的节点深入分析,找出导致列车发生故障的底事件,从而更加高效地处理故障。该方法不仅可以迅速辨识故障发生的原因,还准确预测了故障消散的节点和故障消散所需的时间,从而对城市轨道交通故障延误网络化传播机理的研究,合理组织列车运行调整,尽快恢复列车正点运营,保障交通服务水平,有著重大的意义。

关键词: 有向图; 故障树; 分层重构; warshall算法; 延误传播机理

文章编号: 2095-2163(2021)03-0026-07 中图分类号:TN929.5 文献标志码:A

【Abstract】The stations of urban rail transit system interact with each other. If the train causes initial delay at a certain station, the impact of the delay will be transmitted to the surrounding trains or stations, resulting in serious consequences. In this paper, based on graph theory, a directed graph delay model of station hierarchical reconstruction is established, which comprehensively considers the connectivity of nodes and the importance of nodes. Then, combined with the fault tree analysis method, the fault nodes are deeply analyzed to find out the bottom events that lead to train failure, so as to deal with the fault more efficiently. This method can not only quickly identify the cause of the fault, but also accurately predict the node of fault dissipation and the time required for fault dissipation. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the network propagation mechanism of urban rail transit fault delay, reasonably organize the train operation adjustment, restore the train operation on schedule as soon as possible, and ensure the traffic service level.

【Key words】 directed graph; fault tree; hierarchical reconstruction; warshall algorithm; delay propagation mechanism

0 引 言

轨道交通系统站点间互相影响,相互制约。城市轨道交通列车初始延误具有随机性和传播性,若列车发生故障引发严重的初始延误,延误的影响就会在城市轨道交通系统内传播。城市轨道交通站点存在距离短、列车运行时间短、相邻站点直接影响等特点,单个站点的延误影响会向周边列车或站点传递,而换乘站会让延误传播的影响网络化。研究列车延误传播机理,就是要结合列车延误产生的原因和列车延误在城市轨道交通网络的传播链进行分析。

列车运行延误的原因多种多样。徐瑞华等人[1]和江志彬等人[2]通过对列车运行延误仿真后得出列车运行延误及其传播主要与能力利用率、缓冲时间、备车数量以及辅助线数量等因素有关,但是对运行中的列车的各项设备的可靠性把握不足。……

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