董伟 廖丽斐

摘 要：银系材料具有一定的抗菌作用，是目前应用较为广泛的材料之一。银系材料具有广谱高效的抗菌性、生物安全性高、耐药性强等特点，因此被广泛应用于涂层、纤维、塑料、陶瓷中，尤其是在医疗、生物材料等方面受到了众多研究专家的关注和重视。在口腔医学领域中，银系纳米粒子在复合树脂粘接剂、植体涂层等材料的抗菌性应用中受到广泛关注。随着材料的发展和医学技术的提高，很多研究专家利用不同的方法将银系纳米粒子应用于口腔粘接材料中，制备了具有抗菌效果的口腔粘接材料，减少了口腔问题的发生，在口腔治疗过程中起到了一定的抗菌疗效。本文介绍了纳米银系抗菌剂的抗菌机制、应用现状，并对其未来发展进行了展望，希望能够为其在口腔粘接材料中的应用提供参考。

关键词：纳米银系抗菌剂;口腔粘接材料;应用现状;展望

中图分类号：R780 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1001-5922（2021）06-0068-04

Abstract：Silver-based materials have certain antibacterial effect and are currently one of the widely used materials. Silver-based materials have the characteristics of broad-spectrum and high-efficiency antibacterial properties， high biological safety， and strong drug resistance. Therefore， they are widely used in coatings， fibers， plastics， and ceramics， it has attracted the attention of many experts in medical treatment and biomaterials. In the field of stomatology， silver-based nanoparticles have received widespread attention in the antibacterial applications of composite resin adhesives， implant coatings and other materials. With the development of materials and the improvement of medical technology， many research experts use different methods to apply silver-based nanoparticles to oral adhesive materials to prepare oral adhesive materials with antibacterial effects， which can reduce the occurrence of oral problems. It has a certain antibacterial effect during oral treatment. The paper introduces the antibacterial mechanism and application status of nano silver-based antibacterial agents， and prospects for their future development， hoping to provide references for their application in dental adhesive materials.

Key words：nano silver-based antibacterial agents; oral adhesive materials; application status; prospect

0 引言

納米材料是指尺寸在1～100 nm范围内的一类材料。纳米材料的比表面积较高，具有其独特的物理化学性质，被广泛应用于医学、电子、生物等众多领域中。银具有广谱高效的抗菌特性，被广泛应用了数千年之久，例如，盛放食物和酒类的银器，用于伤口包扎的银丝等等，在抗生素生产使用之前用于伤口防感染的药物主要为银类化合物。随着对纳米材料的研究，人们逐渐发现纳米银的抗菌效果远远高于银，银系纳米材料的抗菌性吸引了众多研究专家的关注，其在医疗领域的应用逐渐增多。……