张庭艳 何腾兵 田茂苑 王萍 付天岭 高珍冉

摘 要：为了探究贵州喀斯特山区水稻土和稻米重金属含量的相关关系，以贵州喀斯特山区某县水稻土和稻米为研究对象，监测326对水稻土和稻米，检测土壤和稻米样品中镉、汞、砷、铅、铬的含量，并进行相关性分析。研究结果表明：该县水稻土pH以偏酸性为主，水稻土主要为酸性土壤。水稻土中镉、汞、砷、铅、铬的平均含量分别为0.57、0.53、19.04、49.68、76.83 mg/kg，镉是主要的污染元素，其次是砷和汞元素，铅、铬污染风险极低。稻米中镉、汞、砷、铅、铬的平均含量分别为0.072、0.004、0.108、0.037、0.150 mg/kg，存在镉元素超标的现象，其他4种元素基本不超标。总体看来，326对样品中，土壤和稻米中镉、汞、砷全量之间存在正相关关系，铅、铬全量之间存在负相关关系。不同pH环境下，土壤和稻米中镉、汞、砷、铬含量之间均为正相关关系;土壤和稻米中铅含量在pH≤5.5时，呈正相关关系，在pH>5.5后，土壤和稻米中铅之间呈现为负相关关系，土壤和稻米重金属含量相关性均未达到显著水平。本研究结果可为贵州喀斯特山区稻米安全生产提供科学依据。

关键词：喀斯特;水稻土;稻米;重金属;关联性

中图分类号：S19 文献标识码：A

文章编号：1008-0457（2021）02-0060-07

国际DOI编码：10.15958/j.cnki.sdnyswxb.2021.02.010

Abstract：In order to explore the relationship between the content of heavy metals in paddy soil and rice in County，the paddy soil and rice in the County were used as the research materials.In this study，326 pairs of paddy soil and rice were monitored，and the content of cadmium，mercury，arsenic，lead，and chromium in soil and rice samples was detected.The correlation analysis was conducted between soil and rice.The results showed that the paddy soil in this county was mainly acidic，and the average content of cadmium，mercury，arsenic，lead，and chromium in paddy soil were 0.57，0.53，19.04，49.68，and 76.83 mg/kg，respectively.Cadmium was the main pollutant element，followed by arsenic and mercury.The risk of lead and chromium pollution was extremely low.The average content of cadmium，mercury，arsenic，lead，and chromium in rice were 0.072，0.004，0.108，0.037，0.150 mg/kg，respectively.There was a phenomenon of cadmium exceeding the standard，and the other 4 elements were basically not exceeding or not exceeding the standard.Under different PH environments，there was a positive correlation between the total amount of cadmium，mercury and arsenic in paddy soil and rice.The content of lead in paddy soil and rice was positively correlated when pH≤5.5.There was a negative correlation in the content of lead in paddy soil and rice when pH>5.5，and the correlation in heavy metal content between paddy and rice had not reached a significant level.The results of this study can provide a scientific basis for safe rice production in Guizhou.

Keywords：Paddy soil;rice;heavy metals;correlation

土壤是人類赖以生存的基础，是粮食生产的重要保障。近年来，我国土壤重金属污染事件频发，不仅对耕地和农产品质量构成严重威胁，还影响到人体健康[1]。我国耕地土壤重金属的污染概率为16.67%，由重金属造成的耕地污染面积约占总耕地面积的17%左右[2]。土壤是稻米中元素的主要来源，水稻对重金属具有较强的生理耐受性机理和较强的吸附性，当水稻中重金属含量超过限量标准之后，稻米就表现出污染特征。我国……