蓝俊　罗颖洹　赖铭战　马嘉康

摘 要：当前汽车市场竞争激烈，各主机厂不断加快新车型的推出速度，汽车零部件的研发是一项相对复杂的工程，不仅仅是供应商研发部门的职责，也需要采购、制造、质量管理和销售等部门相互合作。为快速适应市场需求，主机厂不断压缩开发周期，快速推出新车型，这就要求供应商在短周期内开发出高质量的零部件。因此将主机厂与供应商联动，供应商内部跨部门相互协同按计划完成节点交付物显得尤为重要。文章通过对某主机厂52家供应商的零部件新项目阶段交付物的调查，分析目前供应商零部件开发过程的主要问题，并提出改进建议。

关键词：过程质量策划 APQP 阶段评审

Research on APQP Process Quality Planning for New Project Parts of Complete Vehicles

Lan Jun Luo Yinghuan lai Mingzhan Ma Jiakang

Abstract：The current auto market is fiercely competitive， and OEMs continue to accelerate the launch of new models. The research and development of auto parts is a relatively complex project， which is not only the responsibility of the suppliers R&D department， but also requires procurement， manufacturing and quality management to cooperate with sales and other departments. To quickly adapt to market demand， OEMs continue to compress the development cycle and quickly launch new models， which requires suppliers to develop high-quality parts and components in a short period of time. Therefore， it is particularly important to link OEMs with suppliers， and cross-departmental collaboration within suppliers to complete node deliverables as planned. The article analyzes the main problems of the current supplier's component development process through a survey of the deliverables of 52 suppliers of a OEM in the new project phase， and puts forward suggestions for improvement.

Key words：process quality planning， APQP， stage review

1 引言

汽車行业作为我国国民经济的重要支柱产业，其地位是愈显重要。但从近几年的数据分析来看，汽车行业正面临着3个变化点：

1.1 汽车产品快速迭代

为快速适应市场需求，各主机厂不断加快新车型的迭代速度。目前，各大主机厂抢占市场的方式主要是提高新项目开发效率，压缩开发周期，快速推出迭代的车型。按照传统的整车开发周期，新车型的研发周期大约需要3.5-5年时间，但目前大部分主机厂研发用时压缩至2-3年左右。

1.2 汽车产业供大于求

从2018年开始，我国汽车产业首次销量下滑，全年销量仅为2808万辆，同比下降2.8%;同期汽车制造业的产能利用率不足70%。从目前经济效益指标来看，市场整体增速趋缓，短期内市场很难恢复到原有增长水平，产能过剩问题将持续加剧。……