李成整　李新　唐国勇　秦振中

摘 要：激光钎焊作为一种成熟的焊接连接技术，该工艺现多应用于白车身顶盖与侧围连接。对于汽车车顶激光钎焊工艺，焊接设备、焊接参数、零件匹配尺寸质量、零件外观质量等因素的细微变化都焊接质量产生影响。故在整个工艺质量控制上，对该些影响因素的研究以及细化管理显得尤为重要。文章针对某汽车品牌的车身顶盖与侧围连接的激光钎焊工艺，结合产生问题点进行逆向分析、改善焊接质量，同时深入研究，形成正向的专项且细化的管理控制手段，保证激光钎焊质量得以有效的管控。通过该过程的推进开展，从中形成激光钎焊质量故障类型与对策数据库，进而输出对激光钎焊质量管控的总结。

关键词：激光钎焊工艺 焊接设备 焊接参数 零件匹配尺寸质量 零件外观质量 激光钎焊质量

Application of Spot Welding in Doors After Welding

Li Chengzheng Li Xin Tang Guoyong Qin Zhenzhong

Abstract： Laser brazing is a mature welding connection technology， and  the process is now mostly used in the white body top cover and side circumference connection. For automotive roof laser brazing process， welding equipment， welding parameters， part matching size quality， part appearance quality and other factors of small changes have an impact on welding quality. Therefore， in the whole process quality control， the study of these factors and the refinement of management is particularly important. This paper aims at the laser brazing process of a car brand's body top cover and side-circumference connection， combined with the problem point to carry out reverse analysis and improve welding quality. And at the same time， through in-depth study， a positive special and detailed management and control means is formed to ensure that the laser brazing quality can be effectively controlled. Through the promotion of this process， the type of laser brazing quality fault and countermeasure database are formed， and then the summary of laser brazing quality control is output.

Key words：laser brazing process， welding equipment， welding parameters， part matching size quality， part appearance quality， laser brazing quality

1 引言

汽车顶盖与侧围均是整车白车身外观覆盖件，而时下大部分汽车的侧围与顶盖均采用激光钎焊工艺进行焊接连接。激光钎焊原理是采用激光光束作为热源，通过发射器产生的激光在传递的管道中聚焦后，形成集中的光束照射在焊接焊丝表面，焊丝在激光光束供给能量的持续加热下，熔化并形成高温液态金属，浸润到被焊零件连接处（焊缝），结合适当的外部条件，液态金属与被连接工件之间形成良好的冶金结合，完成焊接作业与零件的连接。

作为高质量、高精度要求的激光钎焊工艺，对车体顶盖与侧围的匹配间隙、焊接设备的稳定性、参数的合理性、车体外观质量等均需较高的要求。……