詹敏 宾东华 刘彬 邓丹 廖若夷

〔摘要〕 儿童、老年人是新型冠状病毒的易感人群，中医药为这类特殊人群的流行病预防发挥了关键作用。儿童、老年人预防方剂在组方时依据儿童稚阴稚阳，易于染邪，脾肺常虚，卫表不固和老年人多脏虚损，正气不足，虚实夹杂，易生变症的生理病理特点，在组方上具有组成精简、扶正祛邪、顾护脾胃的特点。以湖南省新冠肺炎预防2号方为例进行分析，为各地区特殊人群新型冠状病毒肺炎预防方剂组方提供思路。

〔关键词〕 新型冠状病毒肺炎;儿童;老年;组方思路;湖南省新冠肺炎预防2号方

〔中图分类号〕R211        〔文献标志码〕A       〔文章编号〕doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-070X.2021.06.024

Brief Analysis of the Prescriptions for Preventing COVID-19 in Children and Old People：

Take the Hunan Province COVID-19 Prevention Formular Ⅱ as an Example

ZHAN Min， BIN Donghua， LIU Bin， DENG Dan， LIAO Ruoyi*

（The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine， Changsha， Hunan 410007， China）

〔Abstract〕 Children and the elderly are susceptible to COVID-19. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） plays a key role in the prevention of epidemics in this special group. The preventive prescriptions for children and the elderly are based on the physiological and pathological characteristics， such as children's naive Yin and Yang， which are easy to infect evil， the spleen and lungs are often weak， insecurity of the defensive exterior， and the elderly are deficiency of multiple viscera， and the healthy Qi is insufficient， mixed deficiency and excess， and easy to change. In terms of composition， it has the characteristics of simple composition， strengthening healthy Qi and eliminating pathogens， and care for the spleen and stomach. Make a specific analysis with Hunan Province COVID-19 Prevention Formular Ⅱ as an example， provide ideas for the prescription of COVID-19 prevention prescriptions for special populations in various regions.

〔Keywords〕 COVID-19; children; elderly; formulation principle; Hunan Province COVID-19 Prevention Formular Ⅱ

新型冠状病毒肺炎（corona virus disease 2019，COVID-19）自2019年12月发生以来，疫情范围不断扩大，确诊人数逐渐上升，本病潜伏期长，发病后病情凶险、病势危笃，严重威胁人们的健康，给人们的日常生活带来了很大的影响。截至2020年6月28日24：00，我国现有确诊病例418例（其中重症病例8例），累计死亡病例4 634例，累计确诊病例83 512例，国外累计确诊病例10 083 545例，死亡病例501 006例[1]。目前，我国COVID-19疫情防控向好態势进一步巩固，防控工作已从应急状态转为常态化，当前COVID-19的预防工作显得尤为重要[2]。COVID-19发生流行以来，从发病的人群来看，老年人的感染率及死亡率较高，儿童的发病主要以家庭内传播为主，症状较轻[3]。国家卫生健康委员会联合国家中医药管理局已经连续发布了7版《新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎诊疗方案》，从第3版开始新增了中医内容，要求在防治措施上积极……