蔡晓锋 彭枫 徐晨曦 王小丽 葛晨辉 王全华

摘    要：为了筛选适宜上海地区的优良菠菜品种，为菠菜品种推广提供科学依据，以39个来自不同地区的菠菜品种为材料，在上海地区大棚内进行品种适应性试验，对参试菠菜的10个数量性状和13个质量性状进行变异水平评价、主成分分析。结果表明，供试材料具有豐富的遗传多样性，数量性状的变异系数为11.4%～42.8%，遗传多样性指数（H′）为1.81～2.01;前6个主成分的累计贡献率为76.97%，包含了全部指标的大部分信息。聚类分析将供试菠菜分成6个类群。根据植物学性状、抗性、产量性状、等权关联度分析及口感评价分析，抗病全能王、沪菠6号、圆宝、山东菠菜和沪菠5号产量高、口感好、抗性强，有较高推广价值。

关键词：菠菜;植物学性状;产量;品种

中图分类号：S636.1 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1673-2871（2021）05-087-06

Adaptability evaluation of 39 spinach cultivars in Shanghai

CAI Xiaofeng1， 2， PENG Feng1， XU Chenxi1， WANG Xiaoli1， GE Chenhui1， WANG Quanhua1

（1. Shanghai Engineering Reasearch Center of Plant Germplasm Resources/Collaborative Innovation Center for Plant Germplasm Resources Development/College of Life Sciences， Shanghai Normal University， Shanghai 200234， China; 2. Ningxia Zhongqing Agricultural Science and Technology Co.， Ltd.， Yinchuan 750002， Ningxia， China）

Abstract： In order to select suitable spinach varieties with good comprehensive performance in Shanghai， and provide a scientific basis for the promotion of excellent spinach varieties， 39 spinach varieties from different regions were used as materials in this research， and species comparison experiments was conducted in Shanghai. The variation level and principal component analysis of 10 quantitative and 13 qualitative traits of spinach were investigated. The results showed that the test materials were found rich genetic diversity， the coefficient of variation of quantitative traits was 11.4%-42.8%， and the Shannon-Wiener （H '） was 1.81-2.01. The cumulative contribution rate of the first six principal components was 76.97%， which contained most information of all indexes. The experimental spinach varieties were divided into 6 groups by cluster analysis. According to the analysis of botanical traits， resistance， yield traits， equal-weight correlation and taste evaluation， the Kangbing Quanneng Wang， Hubo No. 6， Yuanbao， Shandong Bocai and Hubo No. 5 were exhibited high yield， good taste， strong resistance and high promotion value.

Key words： Spinach; Botanical characters; Yield; Cultivar

菠菜（Spinacia oleracea L.）属于苋科藜亚科菠菜属植物[1]，是以绿叶为主要产品器官的一、二年生草本植物。菠菜具有很高的营养价值，富含类胡萝卜素、叶黄素以及多种维生素，还含有丰富的钙、铁、磷、钾和钠等矿物质元素[2]。同时又有研究表明菠菜是营养比较全面的蔬菜种类之一，具有降脂、降糖、抗氧化、抗癌、增强体力、护理皮肤，改善视力，调节血压，预防年龄相关性黄斑变性和血友病等作用[3-4]。

菠菜由于适应性较强、栽培方式多样，可以实现周年供应，作为鲜食和加工品种在各国普遍种植，为我国分布最广泛、群众食用最普遍的蔬菜之一[5]。目前，针对国内菠菜种质资源的收集和……