乔丹丹 刘振威 孙丽 李新峥

摘 要：以24个南瓜自交系为材料，综合应用多元统计分析和聚类分析方法，对不同年份的11个主要农艺性状的遗传多样性进行分析，为南瓜选育新品种提供可参考的依据。结果表明：3年各农艺性状的变异系数在8%～52%之间，果形指数（52%）、单瓜质量（41%）、第1雄花节位（38%）的变异系数较大，其余性状的变异系数小于30%。第1雌花节位、第1雄花节位、主蔓长度、主蔓粗度、节数、叶面积、果形指数和果肉厚度等性状年际间变异系数极差均小于10%，较稳定;可溶性固形物含量、单瓜质量、节间长度年际间变异较大。年际间除叶面积和果形指数外，各性状差异均显著;自交系间除蔓粗度、可溶性固形物含量和节间长度外，各性状差异均显著。各年际前5个主成分的累积贡献率分别为78.6%、76.7%、81.1%。聚类分析将24个自交系分为4类，并分析了各类的特性。

关键词：南瓜自交系;农艺性状;方差分析;聚类分析;主成分分析

中图分类号：S642.1 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1673-2871（2021）05-021-05

Study on the interannual difference of agronomic traits in 24 pumpkin inbred lines

QIAO Dandan1，2， LIU Zhenwei1，2， SUN Li1，2， LI Xinzheng1，2

（1. School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture， Henan Institute of Science and Technology， Xinxiang 453003， Henan， China; 2. Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Horticultural Plant Resource Utilization and Germplasm Enhancement， Xinxiang 453003， Henan， China）

Abstract： Twenty four pumpkin inbred lines used as materials， the multi-statistics analysis was applied to genetic diversity of 11 agronomic traits for different years， to provide theoretical basis for breeding new Pumpkin cultivars. The results showed that the coefficient of variation （CV） of pumpkin based on agronomic characters was 8%～52%. The CV of fruit shape index（52%） and single fruit weigh（41%） and the first male flower node（38%） were big， others were smaller than 10%.The range of coefficient of variation （CV） of the first female flower node and the first male flower node ， vine diameter and vine length ， fruit shape index and flesh thick，  internode number were smaller than 10%，these traits were stable among 3 years.The variation of traits of solid content ，single fruit weight and internode length were big. Agronomic traits among different years were significantly varied， except fruit shape index and leaf area. Agronomic traits among different inbred lines were significantly varied， except stem diameter， solid content and internode length. The accumulative contribution rate of the first 5 principal component were 78.6%， 76.7%， 81.1%， respectively. The 24 pumpkin inbred lines in different years were divided into 4 classes by cluster analysis.

Key words： Pumpkin inbred lines; Agronomic traits; Variance analysis; Cluster analysis; Principal components analysis （PCA）

南瓜（Cucurbita moschata Duch.）是葫蘆科南瓜属一年生草本植物，又名倭瓜、番瓜、北瓜，世界各地均有栽培[1]。南瓜具有全年提供货源、市场需求大、不易腐烂及耐贮运等特点，深受人们喜爱[2]，南瓜栽培面积得到扩大的同时，经济增长质量也稳步提升。我国有较丰富的南瓜种质资源，为南瓜新品种培育和产品开发奠定了坚实的基础[3-5]。虽然南瓜种类及资源丰富多样，但满足不了目前快速发展的南瓜产业对品种类型的需求，所以有必要加强对南瓜的基础和应用研究[6]。……