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一种特异性标记在甜瓜白粉病抗性育种中的应用

2021-07-19夏伟伟邓竹根张慧君高晴徐甜甜代伟

中国瓜菜 2021年5期

夏伟伟 邓竹根 张慧君 高晴 徐甜甜 代伟

摘 要:为了验证一种特异性标记在甜瓜白粉病抗性育种中的实际应用效果,用CTAB法提取19份甜瓜亲本材料种子总DNA,合成与甜瓜抗白粉病基因Pm-2F紧密连锁标记的特异性引物,通过PCR扩增出特异性Pm-2F连锁基因,酶切验证及测序。结果表明,筛选的19份甜瓜亲本材料中有3个抗病株系,抗病株系杂合的F1代种子在田间表现为强抗性,其他材料杂合F1代均表现感病。试验室结果与田间表现一致,符合率达到100%,表明此特异性标记可以应用于甜瓜白粉病抗性育种。

关键词:甜瓜;白粉病;Pm-2F;抗性;育种

中图分类号:S652 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1673-2871(2021)05-015-06

Application of a specific marker in screening resistance to powdery mildew in melon

XIA Weiwei1, DNEG Zhugen1, ZHANG Huijun2, GAO Qing1, XU Tiantian1, DAI Wei1

(1. Anhui Jianghuai Hortriculture Seeds Co., Ltd., Hefei 230031, Anhui, China; 2. Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, Anhui, China)

Abstract: In order to verify the practical application of a specific marker in the breeding of melon powdery mildew resistance. The total DNA was extracted from a 19-member population of melon parent seeds by CTAB method. The specific marker for tightly linked to the Pm-2F gene with powdery mildew resistance genes of melon was synthesized. The specific Pm-2F linkage gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and then validated by restriction enzymes digestion and sequencing. The results showed that three disease-resistant lines in 19 parental materials were determined, which their heterozygous F1 generation for resistant lines showed strong resistance in the field, but others were susceptible to powdery mildew. The laboratory results were consistent with that in the field with 100%, indicating that this specific marker can be applied to the breeding of melon powdery mildew resistance.

Key words: Melon; Powdery mildew; Pm-2F; Resistance; Breeding

甜瓜(Cucumis melo L.)是葫蘆科甜瓜属一年生蔓性草本植物,在中国种植面积约53.3 万 hm2 [1]。甜瓜属于我国高端农业产品,能够增加种植者的收入。甜瓜在种植过程中病害严重,其中以白粉病为主。白粉病主要危害甜瓜叶片,产生白粉,严重阻碍植株光合作用,导致甜瓜的产量及品质严重下降,而且白粉病的危害在甜瓜生长周期中一直存在。培育抗白粉病的优质甜瓜品种对于育种工作者显得尤为重要,但是传统育种方式工作繁琐、周期长,而且白粉病生理小种分化速度快。因此,利用分子标记辅助选择(marker-assisted selection, MAS)技术可以加快培育抗白粉病品种的进程[2-3]。

白粉病是一种真菌病害,甜瓜上引起该病的病原菌主要是单囊壳白粉病(Podosphaera xanthii)和二孢白粉病(Golovinomyces cichoracearum),其中单囊壳白粉病(P. xanthii)占主导地位[4]。在我国甜瓜白粉病生理小种主要有2个,不同的地方生理小种不同[5-7],但P. xanthii 2F是国内白粉病优势小种[8],因此对甜瓜白粉病优势小种P. xanthii 2F抗病基因的筛选至关重要。……

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