韩立炜 杨志斌 郭磊

摘 要：胶凝砂砾石作为一种新型筑堤筑坝材料，具有环境友好、漫顶不溃或缓溃、建设成本低、施工速度快及发挥效益早等优点，在业界得到了广泛的认可，但尚存在诸多关键技术难题需要攻克。胶凝砂砾石材料的力学特性受多方面因素的影响，本文针对最优水胶比，在工程常用的配合比范围内设计胶凝砂砾石立方体抗压强度室内试验，针对试验数据分别分析了最优水胶比与胶凝材料用量、砂率、龄期的相关关系，得到如下结论：最优水胶比与胶凝材料用量负相关，胶凝材料用量增加时，最优水胶比减小;最优水胶比与砂率正相关，砂率提高时，最优水胶比增大;随着水胶比的增大，90 d龄期相对于28 d龄期的强度提升率增大，且不同水胶比的强度在90 d后趋近于同一数值。

关键词：胶凝砂砾石;立方体抗压强度;最优水胶比;胶凝材料;砂率;龄期

中图分类号：TV43 文献标志码：A

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1000-1379.2021.05.024

Abstract： Cemented sand and gravel， as a new type of material for embankment and dam construction has the advantages of environmental friendliness， overtopping or slow collapse， low construction cost， fast construction speed and early benefit. It has been widely recognized in the industry， but as a new dam type， there are still many key technical issues that need to be overcome. The mechanical properties of cemented sand and gravel materials are affected by many factors. Aiming at the optimal water-binder ratio， this article designed the indoor test of the cubic compressive strength of cemented sand and gravel within the range of the commonly used engineering mix ratios and analyzed the most the correlation between the optimal water-binder ratio and the amount of cementing material， sand rate and age. The following valid conclusions are obtained： The optimal water-binder ratio is negatively related to the amount of cementing material and when the amount of cementing material increases， the optimal water-binder ratio decreases. The optimal water-binder ratio is positively correlated with the sand rate. When the sand rate increases， the optimal water-binder ratio increases. With the increase of the water-binder ratio， the strength improvement rate of the 90-day age relative to the 28-day age increases and the strength of different water-binder ratios gradually approach the same value after 90 days.

Key words： cemented sand and gravel; cubic compressive strength; optimal water-binder ratio; cementitious material; sand rate; age

胶凝砂砾石坝是近些年发展起来的一种新坝型[1-4]，相比混凝土坝能适应各种不同的地基，相比土石坝则大大减小了断面面积，胶凝砂砾石本身具有一定的抗剪强度，在遇到洪水漫顶时也可保持自身结构的稳定、防止溃坝[5]。胶凝砂砾石可以用当地的砂石料与水泥、粉煤灰加水经过简易拌和制成，适宜就地取材，在工程上常采用碾压的方式施工。针对黄河的洪水预防和泥沙淤积问题，可以充分考虑胶凝砂砾石坝的优势，对黄河河床开挖的砂砾石、淤砂等回收利用作为筑坝、筑堤材料，减淤的同时降低材料和运输成本，也可以减少运输过程的污染，推动黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展，符合当今人与自然和谐共生的新发展理念[6]。……