赵燕　张敏

摘 要：石油资源的日益减少和汽车尾气的过度排放迫使汽车行业需要寻找新出路。各国都在致力于研发能够替代传统燃油的清洁燃料，以减少对石油资源的过度依赖和汽车尾气的过度排放。新能源汽车的出現给学者们的研究带来了新希望。而新能源汽车中的氢燃料电池汽车作为动力足、无污染的一类电动汽车，是未来新能源汽车的发展方向。本文通过对氢燃料电池汽车的现状及发展趋势进行分析，对调整我国的能源消耗占比、实现氢燃料电池汽车的快速应用，同时提升自身能源安全具有重大意义。

关键词：氢燃料电池汽车 新能源汽车 燃料电池

Talking about the Current Situation and Development Trend of Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles

Zhao Yan，Zhang Min

Abstract：The ever-decreasing petroleum resources and excessive emission of automobile exhaust have forced the automobile industry to find a new way out. Countries are committed to the research and development of clean fuels that can replace traditional fuels to reduce excessive dependence on petroleum resources and excessive emissions of automobile exhaust. The emergence of new energy vehicles has brought new hope to scholars' research. In the new energy vehicles， hydrogen fuel cell vehicles， as a kind of electric vehicles with sufficient power and pollution-free， are the development direction of new energy vehicles in the future. This article analyzes the current status and development trend of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles， and it is of great significance to adjust the proportion of energy consumption in our country， to realize the rapid application of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles， and to improve its own energy security at the same time.

Key words：hydrogen fuel cell vehicles， new energy vehicles， fuel cells

1 引言

传统汽车的出现，使人们的出行更加便利和多样化。但是在汽车产业蓬勃发展的同时也产生了一些不良后果，例如汽车尾气过度排放导致的环境污染;汽车保有量增多导致的石油资源快速减少等问题。因此国家出台一系列政策来改善目前汽车产业所面临的难题。“三步走”，就是近年全球汽车产业为了避免我国电动车技术研究人员进入研究瓶颈而在新能源汽车产业方面逐步形成的统一共识：近期：推广天然气、乙醇等清洁能源;中期：推广油电混合动力系统设计作为传统汽车和纯电动汽车之间的过渡阶段;远期：发展氢动力。

在地球上蕴藏着巨大的能量，在空气中H2的含量达到了70%，也可以通过阳光、风力、植物、水能等方式提取，而氢燃料电池就是以H2和O2为原材料向新能源汽车提供能量。……