何媛　李雪军

摘要：目前，随着我国老龄化速度不断加快，老年人口数量始终位居世界第一位。根据国家统计的数据显示，我国的人口出生率大幅下降的同时，老年人口的数量也在不断增加。老龄化不仅会带来人口结构的改变，还会影响我国的经济结构和消费结构。此外，老年人失能化和空巢化特点也愈发突出。因此，面临养老服务业快速发展的需要，养老服务业标准化建设工作也在稳步推进。面对养老服务供不应求、护理人才短缺、专业化水平不高、标准化人才队伍缺失等问题都会成为制约天津市养老服务业发展的重要因素。因此，养老服务业的发展，对服务与管理标准化工作提出了迫切需求。

关键词：养老 服务业 标准化 研究

Research on Standardization of Pension Service Industry in Tianjin

He Yuan， Li Xuejun

（Tianjin Institute of Stadardization）

Abstract： At present， China is one of the countries with the fastest aging speed， and the number of elderly population always ranks the first in the world.According to national statistics， the birth rate in China has dropped sharply， and the number of elderly people in China is increasing at the same time as the birth rate is dropping rapidly.Aging will not only bring about changes in population structure， but also affect China's economic structure and consumption structure. In addition， the disablement and empty-nest characteristics of the elderly are also becoming more prominent.Therefore， in order to meet the needs of the rapid development of the elderly care service industry， the standardization of the elderly care service industry is also steadily advancing.In the face of surging demand for old-age care services， insufficient supply of services， shortage of nursing personnel， low level of specialization， and lack of standardized personnel have all become bottlenecks restricting the development of old-age care services in Tianjin.Therefore， the development of the service industry for the aged puts forward an urgent need for the standardization of service and management.

Key words： pension， service industry， standardization， research

1 引言

养老问题是全社会普遍关注的民生问题，随着中国老龄化社会的到来，在现阶段及今后很长时间内，养老事业都将面临更高的需求和挑战，其工作的系统性、复杂性不言而喻，除了依靠政府提供专业技术扶持，还需要社会力量运营、市场化运作，养老服务业标准化是养老服务健康科学发展的内在需求，是实现高质量服务，健全养老服务体系的技术支撑。

2 养老服务业标准化工作现状

2.1 我国养老服务标准化工作现状

“十九大”报告中指出要“积极应对人口老龄化，构建养老、孝老、敬老政策体系和社会环境，推进医养结合，加快老龄事业和产业发展。”目前，我国已经发布了多项促进养老服务业工作……