顾漪　　陈皞　　徐燕玲

[摘要] 目的 調查北京天坛医院职工的主观幸福感情况，并分析影响因素，为改善医院职工心理健康提供循证参考。 方法 采用分层抽样法随机选取北京天坛医院医生500人，护士800人，医技200人和其他岗位职工300人，资料收集时间为2019年11月1—8日，内容包括职工的一般人口学特征及主观幸福感评分，分析不同人口学特征对职工主观幸福感评分的影响。 结果 调查共回收有效问卷1785份，问卷的信度和效度良好（克朗巴赫α系数为0.834; KM0值为0.978），被调查职工的主观幸福感评分为（77.00±5.25）分。不同年龄、婚姻状况、学历、岗位、职称和编制的职工主观幸福感评分比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.001），35岁以上年龄组职工的主观幸福感评分均显著低于35岁以下职工，差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）;相较于医技和护理岗位，医生的主观幸福感评分较低，差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）。 结论 医院应持续开展体验式心理服务项目，提高职工心理健康保健能力，积极改善工作-生活不平衡，提升职工共情能力，重视医生群体的主观幸福感，搭建跨学科交流平台，从而提升职工的主观幸福感。

[关键词] 主观幸福感;总体幸福感量表;心理健康;医院职工

[中图分类号] R197.32          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2021）13-0155-04

Status quo investigation and analysis of hospital labor union on staff subjective well-being

GU Yi   CHEN Hao   XU Yanling

Labor Union， Beijing Tiantan Hospital， Capital Medical University， Beijing   100070， China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the subjective well-being of staff in Beijing Tiantan Hospital， analyze the influencing factors， and provide evidence-based reference for improving the mental health of hospital staff. Methods The stratified sampling method was adopted to randomly select 500 doctors， 800 nurses， 200 medical technicians and 300 other staff members from Beijing Tiantan Hospital. The data were collected from November 1， 2019 to November 8， 2019. The general demographic characteristics and subjective well-being scores of staff were included in the data， and the influences of different demographic characteristics on subjective well-being scores of staff were analyzed. Results A total of 1785 valid questionnaires were collected， and the reliability and validity of the questionnaires were good （Kronbach′s α coefficient was 0.834;？KM0 value was 0.978）. The subjective well-being scores of the surveyed staff were（77.00±5.25）points. Significant differences were observed in subjective well-being scores among different ages， marital status， educational backgrounds， posts， professional titles and organizations（P<0.001）， and the subjective well-being scores of staff over 35 years old were significantly lower than those under 35 years old，with significant difference（P<0.001）. Compared with medical skills and nursing positions， doctors′ subjective well-being scores were lower，with significant difference（P<0.001）. Conclusion The hospital should continue to carry out experiential psychological service projects， improve the mental health care ability of the staff， actively alleviate the work-life imbalance， enhance the empathy ability of the staff， attach importance to the subjective well-being of the doctors， and build an interdisciplinary communication platform， so as to improve the subjective well-being of the staff.

[Key words] Subjective well-being; General well-being schedule; Mental health; Hospital staff

心理健康是健康的重要组成部分，关系群众幸福安康，影响社会和谐发展。当前，我国正处于经济社会快速转型期，人们的生活节奏明显加快，竞争压力不断加剧，个体心理行为问题及其引发的社会问题日益凸显，引起社会各界广泛关注。2016年12月，国家卫计委、中宣部、全国总工会等22个部门联合印发了《关于加强心理健康服务的指导意见》，要求普遍开展职业人群心理健康服务，建立健全心理健康服务体系。北京天坛医院工会自2017年获评市总工会命名“职工心灵驿站”单位以来，积极开展职工心理服务项目，采用运动减压、正念训练等多种心理干预方式，为职工缓解压力、调适情绪，受到职工广泛好评。……