张秀鑫

[摘要] 目的 研究垂体后叶素在肺结核咯血患者中的应用效果及不良反应发生情况。 方法 在我院结核科2018年2月至2019年3月诊治的肺结核咯血患者中选出200例为对象，以随机数字表法分组，对照组患者给予常规止血治疗和抗痨化疗方案治疗，观察组患者在此基础上应用垂体后叶素治疗，比较两组的总有效率、不良反应发生率、总咯血量、止血时间、住院时间和随访1年的咯血复发率。 结果 观察组的治疗总有效率为96.0%，高于对照组的87.0%（P<0.05）;观察组的不良反应发生率为8.0%，略低于对照组的10.0%（P>0.05）;观察组治疗后的总咯血量、止血时间和住院时间均低于对照组（P<0.01）;随访观察1年，观察组的肺结核咯血复发率5.0%低于对照组的复发率14.0%（P<0.05）。 结论 垂体后叶素在肺结核咯血患者中应用疗效肯定，有助于促进止血，缩短治疗疗程，且用药安全性高，不会增加不良反应，值得推广。

[关键词] 垂体后叶素;肺结核;咯血;抗痨化疗;不良反应;止血时间;复发率

[中图分类号] R521          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2021）13-0029-04

Effect of pituitrin on hemoptysis of pulmonary tuberculosis and observation of adverse reactions of patients

ZHANG Xiuxin

Shenyang Chest Hospital， Shenyang   110044， China

[Abstract] Objective To study the effect of pituitrin in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis hemoptysis and the occurrence of adverse reactions. Methods A total of 200 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis hemoptysis were selected from February 2018 to March 2019 in tuberculosis department of our hospital. The patients in the control group were treated with routine hemostatic therapy and anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy regimen. The total effective rate， incidence of adverse reactions， total hemoptysis volume， hemostasis time， hospital stay and hemoptysis recurrence rate of the two groups were compared. Results The total effective rate of 96.0% in the observation group was higher than that of 87.0% in the control group（P<0.05）. The adverse reaction rate of 8.0% in the observation group was slightly lower than that of the control group， 10.0%（P>0.05）; The total hemoptysis， hemostasis time and hospitalization time in the observation group were lower than those in the control group（P<0.001）; After 1 year of follow-up， the recurrence rate of tuberculosis and hemoptysis in the observation group was 5.0% lower than that in the control group was 14.0%（P<0.05）. Conclusion  The application of pituitrin in patients with hemoptysis of pulmonary tuberculosis is effective， which is helpful to promote hemostasis， shorten the course of treatment， and the safety of medication is high， which will not increase adverse reactions， and is worth popularizing.

[Key words] Pituitrin; Tuberculosis; Hemoptysis; Anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy; Adverse reactions; Hemostasis time; Recurrence rate

肺結核是常见的肺部疾病，是由结核分枝杆菌感染引起的肺部疾病，近年来发病率逐年提高，是影响人类生命健康的公共卫生问题之一[1-3]。咯血是肺结核的严重并发症之一，发病率约为20%～90%，其中肺结核大咯血是导致肺结核患者死亡的主要原因。对于肺结核咯血患者，及时的抢救对于挽救患者生命具有重要意义，反之可能引发肺部感染、失血性休克、窒息等严重并发症，危及生命安全[4]。因此，对于肺结核咯血患者的止血抢救治疗是临床研究的重点课题之一。本院在常规止血治疗的基础上给患者应用垂体后叶素治疗取得满意的疗效，现选取200例患者进行对照分析，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

本次研究的200例患者来自我院结核科2018年2月至2019年3月收诊患者，纳入标准[5]：①经临床确诊为肺结核咯血。……