黄宾宾

摘 要：本文利用自动气象站观测资料、NCEP分析资料等相关资料，对2019年6月5日出现在漯河市的一次强降水天气过程进行诊断分析。结果表明：此次强降水发生前期，500 hPa形势场上，高空槽主要呈阶梯状分布，促使冷空气随槽后较强偏北气流急剧南下，冷平流进入我国中东部区域;与此同时，700 hPa和850 hPa的中低空区域，西南涡在四川省中部区域生成且不断发展，这些为本次强降水天气的发生发展提供了有利的环流背景形势;强降水过程为典型的西南涡东移发展为江淮气旋的天氣过程;暖式切变线毗邻气旋中心一带的区域就是垂直速度的大值区，对应着气旋云系的回波主体;强降水落区、位置、范围同假相当位温高能舌、水汽通量辐合区存在较好的对应关系。

关键词：强降水;天气形势;物理量;漯河市

中图分类号：P458文献标识码：A文章编号：1003-5168（2021）05-0141-03

Abstract： Based on the observation data of automatic weather station， NCEP analysis data and other relevant data， a heavy precipitation weather process occurred in Luohe City on June 5， 2019 was diagnosed and analyzed. The results show that： in the early stage of the heavy rainfall， the high air trough is mainly distributed in a ladder shape in the 500 hPa situation field， which makes the cold air rapidly southward with the strong northerly airflow behind the trough， and the cold advection enters the middle and eastern regions of China; at the same time， in the middle and low altitude areas of 700 hPa and 850 hPa， the southwest vortex generates and develops continuously in the central region of Sichuan Province， which is the occurrence of this heavy rainfall weather The results show that the strong precipitation process is a typical weather process that the southwest vortex moves eastward to develop into a Jianghuai cyclone; the area near the center of the warm shear line is the large value area of the vertical velocity， corresponding to the echo main body of the cyclone cloud system; the area， location and range of the strong precipitation are similar to the high-energy tongue of the false equivalent potential temperature and the convergence area of water vapor flux The corresponding relationship of.

Keywords： heavy rainfall;weather situation;physical quantity;Luohe City

强降水是我国大多数地区经常出现的一种天气现象，其经常会伴随着大风、雷电、冰雹等天气一同出现，还时常引发暴雨洪涝灾害，导致城市内涝、山体滑坡、大范围农作物被淹，通信系统、供电系统被破坏，同时也会使得交通运输受阻，对社会经济和人们生命财产安全构成严重威胁[1]。所以，借助气象观测资料对局部地区强降水天气过程进行分析和预报，将强降水天气带来的损失降到最低是至关重要的。漯河市隶属于河南省，位于河南省中部偏南，华北平原西南边缘地带，地理坐标为33°24′—33°59′N，113°27′—114°16′E，为暖温带的南部边缘地区，属于温暖过渡型季风气候。……