农村随班就读儿童积极心理干预的探索与研究
2021-06-15张有志
张有志
【摘 要】随班就读是当前一种解决特殊儿童教育问题的方式。随班就读模式虽能让特殊儿童学到知识与技能,并更好地融入社会,但由于特殊儿童的生理、心理发展均落后于正常儿童,因此在随班就读过程中也易出现一系列的心理健康问题。为使特殊儿童更好地融入班集体中并轻松愉快地学习,教师要对随班就读儿童实施积极的心理干预。本文立足实际,就如何对农村随班就读儿童实施积极心理干预展开探究。
【关键词】农村特殊儿童;随班就读;积极心理干预
中图分类号:G441 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0493-2099(2021)15-0006-02
Exploration and Research on Positive Psychological Intervention of Rural Children in Regular Classes
(Xindun Town Central School, Ganzhou District, Zhangye City, Gansu Province,China) ZHANG Youzhi
【Abstract】Studying in regular classes is a current way to solve the education problem of special children. Although the regular class mode allows special children to learn knowledge and skills, and better integrate into society, but because the physical and psychological development of special children lag behind normal children, a series of problems are likely to occur in the regular class Mental health issues. In order to enable children with special needs to better integrate into the class and learn easily and happily, teachers should implement positive psychological interventions for children in regular classes. Based on reality, this article explores how to implement positive psychological interventions for children in regular classes in rural areas.
【Keywords】Special children in rural areas; Attending classes; Active psychological intervention
在農村适龄特殊儿童中,有很大一部分儿童有强烈的学习动机与浓厚的学习兴趣,对知识以及与小伙伴之间的交往有无限的渴求。因此,在农村开展随班就读教育是重要的、必要的,有利于特殊幼儿发展,也有利于社会进步。但也仍有很大部分特殊儿童在普通班级中不适应,不能很好地与教师、同学相处,在多种因素的影响作用下他们的心理状况不太乐观。
一、农村随班就读儿童弥散性心理
很多特殊儿童的心理障碍并不是单一的,其身心发展的特殊性可能带来智、情、意、个性等多方面的问题。有相关研究指出,相较于普通儿童,特殊儿童的交际焦虑、学习焦虑更为严重,恐怖倾向也更为明显,特殊儿童的心理问题更多。很大部分特殊儿童的孤独感强烈、自责倾向严重,极度缺乏安全感,对他人缺乏信任,且自我控制能力较弱。……