8种杀菌剂对小麦条锈病的田间防效
2021-06-08王娜岳维云魏志平周喜旺刘鸿燕
王娜 岳维云 魏志平 周喜旺 刘鸿燕



摘要:2019 — 2020年,田间试验观测了8种杀菌剂对小麦条锈病的防治效果。结果表明,125 g/L氟环唑悬浮剂56.25 g/hm2、250 g/L丙环唑乳油112.5 g/hm2及250 g/L吡唑醚菌酯油112.5 g/hm2的推荐使用剂量对小麦条锈病的防效均达80%以上,其中氟环唑3次调查的防效分别为91.80%、93.57%、88.61%。与清水对照相比,8种杀菌剂处理后小麦产量均增加,125 g/L中氟环唑悬浮剂56.25 g/hm2和250 g/L丙环唑乳油112.5 g/hm2处理增产效果最明显,增产率分别为25.38%和21.56%,可大面积应用。
关键词:小麦;条锈病;杀菌剂;防效
Abstract:The field trials were conducted to observe the control effect of eight fungicides against wheat stripe rust from 2019 to 2020. The result showed that epoxiconazole 125 g/L SC, propiconazole 250 g/L EC,pyraclostrobin 250 g/L EC cnotrol effect were all above eighty percent when the treatment concentrations were 56.25 g/hm2, 112.5 g/hm2, 112.5 g/hm2, respectively, and the epoxiconazole 125 g/L SC three survey control effect were 91.80%, 93.57%, 88.61%. Compare with water control, all wheat yield were increased by treat with 8 fungicide treatment, espcially epoxiconazole 125 g/L SC (56.25 g/hm2), propiconazole 250 g/L EC (112.5 g/hm2) treatment had the most obvious effect on increasing wheat yield, and the increase rates of yield were 25.38%and 21.56%, respectively, which could be applied in a large area.
Key words:Wheat; Stripe rust; Fungicide; Control effect
小麦条锈病是由专性寄生菌条形柄锈菌(Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici)引起的小麦病害,在全世界各小麦种植区均有分布[1 ]。在中国,小麦条锈病发生普遍且危害严重,是小麦生产上的主要病害之一[2 ]。小麦条锈病是一种严重的叶部病害,主要影响小麦的光合作用,最终影响小麦的产量[3 ]。2004 —2009年中国条锈病危害面积达420万hm2,造成小麦减产30%[4 ]。对于小麦条锈病的防治,目前生产上长期使用单一农药,造成农药使用量增大、使用次数增多、防效下降、病菌产生抗药性、生态环境遭到破坏等一系列问题[5 - 7 ],因此,田间进行适宜药剂筛选非常必要。
甘肃陇南和天水是我国小麦条锈菌的易变区和新小种的策源地,也是我国小麦条锈病防治的关键地带[8 - 9 ],小麦条锈病的流行与传播直接威胁着全国小麦的生产,开展对小麦条锈病的药剂筛选对天水及全国小麦安全生产具有重要意义。我们对目前市场上防治小麦条锈病的药剂进行了田间药效和保产效果评估,以期为防治小麦条锈病时合理用药,减少单一抗性及有效防治小麦条锈病提供参考。……
