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荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(FQ-PCR)法、染色涂片法检测脑脊液(CSF)结核杆菌值对比

2021-05-30苑高翔

健康之家 2021年17期

苑高翔

摘要:目的:对比分析荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(FQ-PCR)与染色涂片法检测脑脊液(CSF)用于结核杆菌检测中的诊断价值。方法:样本选取80例疑似结核性脑膜炎(TBF)患者,就诊时间为2019年2月~2020年2月,取CSF标本,均行FQ-PCR检测与染色涂片法检测。结果:FQ-PCR检测阳性率高于染色涂片法检测阳性率,P<0.05;FQ-PCR法灵敏度、特异度、诊断符合率均高于染色涂片法,P<0.05。结论:FQ-PCR技术检测结核杆菌,特异性、敏感性较高,用于TBF患者诊断中具有重要价值。

关键词:FQ-PCR;染色涂片法;CFS;TBF;脑脊液

Comparison of Fluorescence Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (FQ-PCR) and Staining Smear in the Detection of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

YUAN Gao-xiang (Taiyuan Fourth People's Hospital, ShanxiTaiyuan 030053)

Abstract: Objective: To compare and analyze the diagnostic value of fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR) and staining smear in the detection of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Methods: 80 patients with suspected tuberculous meningitis (TBF) were selected from February 2019 to February 2020. CSF samples were detected by FQ-PCR and staining smear. Results: the positive rate of FQ-PCR was higher than that of staining smear, P<0.05; The sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic coincidence rate of FQ-PCR were higher than those of staining smear, P<0.05.Conclusion: FQ-PCR has high specificity and sensitivity in the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is of great value in the diagnosis of TBF patients.

Key words: FQ-PCR; Staining smear method; CFS; TBF; cerebrospinal fluid

结核杆菌(MTB)是常见传染性致病菌,人体感染后可能处于无症状潜伏感染状态,也可能引发进行性病变。肺外结核类疾病中,TBF发病风险较高,可致患者死亡[1]。一般而言,TBF高发于感染MTB 1年内,可能与化脓性脑膜炎、病毒性脑炎、脑肿瘤等多种疾病相混淆,具有病情进展快、误诊率高、预后不良等特征,因此早期诊断极为重要。结合临床实践分析,检测CSF内抗酸杆菌,可提升MTB检出率[2]。本文以80例疑似TBF患者探究FQ-PCR与染色涂片法检测价值。现报道如下:

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

样本选取80例疑似结核性脑膜炎(TBF)患者,就诊时间2019年2月~2020年2月,男43例、女37例;年龄42~74岁,平均年龄(37.91±5.14)岁。TBF诊断标准:(1)培养MTB结果呈阳性。检出脑膜炎后,检测CSF,检出MTB,且脑脊液内蛋白含量提升、氯化物降低。(2)采集脑脊液标本,开展真菌、细菌检查,同时检测肿瘤细胞学,呈陰性。(3)经抗结核治疗,均好转。疑似TBF选入标准:(1)采集样本脑脊液标本,主要成分为淋巴细胞。(2)样本脑脊液比血浆葡萄糖低于0.5。(3)进行CT或MRI检查提示异常。(4)伴其他结核类疾病。(5)患者神志改变,且病程大于5d[3]。

1.2 方法

染色涂片法检测:采集脑脊液标本后,开展离心处理,随后对沉渣进行涂片染色,通过镜检观察抗酸杆菌。……

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